LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
WP5603SIDLK/SD/J3 Kingbright	LED RED DIFFUSED T/H	12259
APA2107SYCK Kingbright	LED YELLOW CLEAR SMD R/A	4000
WP503IDT Kingbright	LED RED DIFF SQUARE TYPE LED T/H	0
APTB1615SURKCGKC-F01 Kingbright	LED GREEN/RED CLEAR CHIP SMD	251062
APT1608ZGCK Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR CHIP SMD	69373
APDA3020VBC/D Kingbright	LED BLUE CLEAR SMD R/A	9885
APT1608QBC/G Kingbright	LED BLUE CLEAR CHIP SMD	0
APTD3216EC Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR 2SMD	15010
WP908A8ND Kingbright	LED ORANGE DIFFUSED T-1 T/H	3723
APHBM2012LZGKSYKC Kingbright	LED GREEN/YELLOW CLEAR 4SMD	12897
AA3528SES/J4 Kingbright	LED ORANGE CLEAR SMD	31994
APT2012PBC/A Kingbright	LED BLUE CLEAR CHIP SMD	0
APT3216VBC/D Kingbright	LED BLUE CLEAR CHIP SMD	4117
APTF1616SEEZGQBDC Kingbright	LED RGB CLEAR 4SMD	285321
APHHS1005LCGCK Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR 2SMD	35714
WP7113SEC/E Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR T-1 3/4 T/H	1467
APA2107LZGCK Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR 2SMD R/A	33967
APTB1612ESGC-F01 Kingbright	LED GREEN/RED CLEAR CHIP SMD	49176
APTB1612YSGC-F01 Kingbright	LED GREEN/YELLOW CLEAR CHIP SMD	2880
APA3010YC Kingbright	LED YELLOW CLEAR SMD R/A	0

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials