LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
APHB1608SYKSURKC Kingbright	LED RED/YELLOW CLEAR 4SMD	505
APA3010MGC Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD R/A	0
APTD3216SURCK Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR 2SMD	145284
APTB1612SURKQBDC-F01 Kingbright	LED BLUE/RED CLEAR CHIP SMD	25871
APT3216EC Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR CHIP SMD	3318
APGA1602QBC/KA-5MAV Kingbright	LED BLUE CLEAR SMD R/A	8714
APTR3216SGC Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD BOTTOM ENTRY	16896
WP710A10SYC/J3 Kingbright	LED YELLOW CLEAR T-1 T/H	22491
WP1503ID Kingbright	LED RED DIFFUSED T-1 3/4 T/H	138
APTL3216SURCK Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR CHIP SMD	58270
APA2107ZGC/G Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD R/A	15158
APA1606ZGC/G Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD R/A	12815
APL3015ZGCK-F01 Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR 2SMD	0
WP503YDT Kingbright	LED YLW DIFF SQUARE TYPE LED T/H	0
WP7113NT Kingbright	LED ORANGE CLEAR T-1 3/4 T/H	0
APTD1608SYCK Kingbright	LED YELLOW CLEAR CHIP SMD	71212
AP3216SYCK Kingbright	LED YELLOW CLEAR SMD	26591
APTF1616QBDSURKCGKC Kingbright	LED RGB CLEAR 4SMD	0
AP3216SURCK Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR CHIP SMD	40431
APL3015SECK-F01 Kingbright	LED ORANGE CLEAR CHIP SMD	34079

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials