Transistors - FETs, MOSFETs

Transistors - FETs, MOSFETs - Single

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
STW26NM60N STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 600V 20A TO247-3	1181
STP9NM40N STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 400V 5.6A TO220	0
STF18N60M6 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 600V 13A TO220FP	124
STP16N65M2 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 650V 11A TO220	1000
STFW40N60M2 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 600V 34A ISOWATT	534
SCTH100N65G2-7AG STMicroelectronics	SICFET N-CH 650V 95A H2PAK-7	22
STWA40N90K5 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 900V 40A TO247	0
STWA75N60M6 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 600V 72A TO247	520
STL45N60DM6 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 600V 25A PWRFLAT HV	2925
STW21N150K5 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 1500V 14A TO247	1046
STF7N52DK3 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 525V 6A TO220FP	0
STF130N10F3 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 100V 46A TO220FP	0
STP11N65M5 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 650V 9A TO220	953
STP62NS04Z STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 33V 62A TO220AB	1333
STU6NF10 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 100V 6A IPAK	0
STP7N95K3 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 950V 7.2A TO220-3	746
STF2N95K5 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 950V 2A TO220FP	6127
STV160NF03LT4 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 30V 160A 10POWERSO	0
STI33N60M6 STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CH 600V 25A I2PAK	0
STB25NF06LAG STMicroelectronics	MOSFET N-CHANNEL 60V 25A D2PAK	1708

Transistors - FETs, MOSFETs - Single

1. Overview

Field-Effect Transistors (FETs) and Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor FETs (MOSFETs) are voltage-controlled semiconductor devices that regulate current flow through an electric field. As fundamental components in modern electronics, they offer advantages such as high input impedance, low power consumption, and fast switching capabilities. Single discrete FETs/MOSFETs are widely used in power management, signal amplification, and switching applications across industries.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Junction FET (JFET)	Voltage-controlled depletion mode operation, low noise	Low-noise amplifiers, analog switches
Enhancement Mode MOSFET	Normally-off device, requires positive V_GS to conduct	Power supplies, motor drives
Depletion Mode MOSFET	Normally-on device, requires negative V_GS to block	Radio frequency amplifiers, load switches
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)	Combines MOSFET input with bipolar output, high current capacity	High-power industrial equipment, electric vehicles

3. Structure and Composition

A typical MOSFET structure includes three terminals: Source, Gate, and Drain. The gate is insulated by a thin layer of silicon dioxide (SiO₂), forming a capacitive control interface. The channel between source and drain is formed in a silicon substrate. Advanced devices use materials like silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN) for higher performance. Packaging options include TO-220, DPAK, and SOT-23 for different thermal and space requirements.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description and Importance
V_DS (Drain-Source Voltage)	Maximum voltage rating between drain and source; determines breakdown tolerance
I_D (Drain Current)	Maximum continuous current capacity; critical for power handling
R_DS(on)	On-state resistance; impacts conduction losses and efficiency
V_GS(th) (Threshold Voltage)	Voltage required to form channel; determines control signal compatibility
Q_G (Gate Charge)	Charge required for switching; affects switching speed and driver requirements
P_D (Power Dissipation)	Maximum power handling capability; dictates thermal management needs

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone chargers, notebook power adapters
Industrial: Motor drives, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)
Automotive: Electric vehicle (EV) battery management systems, HEV inverters
Telecommunications: Base station power amplifiers, optical network transceivers
Renewable Energy: Solar micro-inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
Texas Instruments	CSD18534Q5A	60V, 4.2m R_DS(on), automotive-grade
STMicroelectronics	STP55NF06	55A, 60V, high-speed switching
Infineon Technologies	IPB041N06N3	0.41 , 600V, TO-220 package
ON Semiconductor	NDS355AN	Depletion mode, 300mA, RF applications

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations include:

Voltage and current requirements under operating conditions
Thermal performance (R_DS(on), package thermal resistance)
Switching speed vs. conduction loss trade-off
Gate drive compatibility with control circuitry
Environmental factors (temperature, vibration, humidity)
Cost-performance balance for volume production

8. Industry Trends

Current trends include:

Adoption of wide bandgap materials (SiC, GaN) for higher efficiency
Advanced packaging technologies (double-sided cooling, copper clip)
Integration with gate drivers and protection circuits
Miniaturization through trench and shielded gate structures
Development of automotive-qualified devices for EVs and ADAS