Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
EEE-1HA470P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 50V SMD	0
EEU-FP1E202B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2000UF 20% 25V THRUHOLE	1283
EEV-TG1K470Q Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 80V SMD	686
ECA-1HHG3R3 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 50V RADIAL	17
EEU-ED2V680 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 68UF 20% 350V RADIAL	902
EEV-EB2V4R7Q Panasonic	CAP ALUM 4.7UF 20% 350V SMD	0
ECA-2WM100B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 450V RADIAL	0
EEE-HB0J331AP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 6.3V SMD	0
EEE-HA1V221P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 35V SMD	10144
ECE-A1EKS220B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
EEE-TP1E182V Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1800UF 20% 25V RADIAL	480
ECE-A1HKA330 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 50V RADIAL	778
ECA-1EM471B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
EEU-FR1H271B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 50V RADIAL	414
ECA-2VHG330 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 350V RADIAL	0
EEE-FT1V101AV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 35V SMD	0
EEE-FN1E221V Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 25VDC 20% SMD	1000
EEU-FS2A680LB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 68UF 20% 100V THRU HOLE	806
ECE-A1VN471U Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
ECA-2CHG331 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 160V RADIAL	164

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.