Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
EEA-FC1V120H Panasonic	CAP ALUM 12UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
EEE-HAC330WAR Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 16V SMD	533
EEU-FM1H561 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 560UF 20% 50V RADIAL	2134
EEE-FPJ331XAL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 6.3V 20% SMD	1700
EEU-HD1E102 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
EEE-HC0J470R Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 6.3V SMD	0
EEU-FR1H181LB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 180UF 20% 50V RADIAL	992
EEU-FC0J472SB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	0
EEE-TC1A331UV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 10V SMD	0
EEE-FK1A821SP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 10V SMD	500
EEU-TA1E102SB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 25V RADIAL	227
ECA-1HM100 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
EEU-FC1C271BJ Panasonic	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
EEU-FC1C222SB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
EEE-TKV471UAQ Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 35V SMD	758
EEE-TP1E101AV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V RADIAL	100
EEU-FR1E821 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 25V RADIAL	4956
EEU-EB1H220SH Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
EEE-HB1E220AP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 25V SMD	851
EEU-FK1C821L Panasonic	CAP ALUM 820UF 20% 16V RADIAL TH	1976

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.