Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
ECA-1CM222 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 16V RADIAL	0
EEV-TA1E101P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V SMD	6685
EEE-FT1V101AP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 35V SMD	0
EEE-HBV470UAP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 35V SMD	169
ECA-1EM470B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 25V RADIAL	6000
ECE-A1CKS100B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 16V THRU HOLE	3993
EEE-HC1C100R Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 16V SMD	8762
EEE-TG2A220P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 100V SMD	3041
ECA-1JHG101B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
ECA-1HHG221 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
EEE-HAE471UAP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 25V SMD	2930
EEE-FNE151XUV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 150UF 25VDC 20% SMD	900
EEE-FK0J352SV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3500UF 20% 6.3V SMD	940
ECA-2GM3R3B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 400V RADIAL	0
EEE-FT1V331AP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 35V SMD	0
ECA-1VHG470 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 35V RADIAL	3424
EEU-EB1V471 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 35V RADIAL	1891
EEU-FC1J101LB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 63V RADIAL	1769
EEU-FS1A182 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1800UF 20% 10V T/H	1540
EEU-EB2C470 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 160V RADIAL	403

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.