Batteries Rechargeable (Secondary)

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
HHR-210AB18 Panasonic	BATTERY NIMH 1.2V 2.1AH A	1478
BGN800-4EWP-500EC BatteryGuy	4.8V 900MAH NICAD BATTERY	1200
RJD2430C1 Cornell Dubilier Electronics	BATTERY LITHIUM 3.7V COIN 24.5MM	126270
HHR-120AAB23 Panasonic	BATTERY NIMH 1.2V 1.15AH 4/5 AA	22
LC-RD1217P Panasonic	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 17AH	310
UL14430SL-2P Dantona Industries, Inc.	IFR14430 3.2V 400MAH	2115
BGN800-4EWP-326EC BatteryGuy	4.8V 900MAH NICAD BATTERY	1200
BK-200AAB9BT Panasonic	BATTERY NIMH 1.2V 1.9AH AA	86
MS621T Seiko Instruments, Inc.	BATTERY LITH 3V 3MAH COIN 6.8MM	3026
PC12-6XBF1 ZEUS Battery Products	6V 12AH F1 BLACK RECHARGABLE SE	0
LION-1865-34 Dantona Industries, Inc.	IRC18650-34 3.7V 3.4AH PROTECTED	0
ML-621S/ZTN Panasonic	BATTERY LITH 3V 5MAH COIN 6.8MM	12842
PCLFP7.5-12.8F2 ZEUS Battery Products	BATT LIFEPO4 12.8V 7.5AH	148
LI21700JS 1S1P + PCM + 2 WIRES 70MM Jauch Quartz	BATT LITH ION 21700 W/LEADS	938
PC1.3-12F1 ZEUS Battery Products	BATTERY LEAD ACID 12V 1.3AH	222
NH15BP-2 Eveready (Energizer Battery Company)	BATTERY NIMH 1.2V 2.3AH AA 1=2PK	0
BGN800-8BWP-500EC BatteryGuy	9.6V 900MAH NICAD BATTERY	1200
NIMH-AA600-4B Fuspower	NIMH AA 600MAH 1.2V - PACK OF 4	572
BW 22000 Bright Way Group	2 VOLT 200 AH	16
NP7-12	12V, 7 AH SLA	500

Batteries Rechargeable (Secondary)

1. Overview

Rechargeable batteries (secondary batteries) are electrochemical energy storage devices that can be repeatedly charged and discharged through reversible chemical reactions. Unlike primary batteries, they form the backbone of modern energy storage systems, enabling portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), and renewable energy integration. Their ability to reduce long-term costs and environmental impact makes them critical in sustainable technology development.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Lithium-ion (Li-ion)	High energy density (100-265 Wh/kg), low self-discharge, long cycle life (500-2000 cycles)	Smartphones, EVs, laptops
Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH)	Moderate energy density (60-120 Wh/kg), environmental friendliness, memory effect resistance	Hybrid vehicles, digital cameras
Lead-Acid	Low cost, high surge current capability, heavy weight	Automotive starters, backup power systems
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)	Exceptional thermal stability, long lifespan (2000+ cycles), lower energy density	Electric buses, solar storage, marine applications

3. Structure and Composition

Typical rechargeable battery cells consist of:

Cathode: Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) in Li-ion, Nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) in NiMH
Anode: Graphite (Li-ion), Hydrogen-absorbing alloy (NiMH)
Electrolyte: Lithium salt in organic solvent (Li-ion), Potassium hydroxide (NiMH)
Separator: Microporous polymer membrane preventing short circuits
Current Collectors: Copper (anode), Aluminum (cathode)

Cell designs include cylindrical (18650 format), prismatic, and pouch configurations with integrated protection circuits.

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Description	Importance
Energy Density	Wh/kg or Wh/L	Determines runtime and weight
Charge Cycle Life	Number of full discharge/charge cycles	Dictates longevity and cost-effectiveness
Internal Resistance	Measured in milliohms	Affects power output and efficiency
Self-Discharge Rate	Monthly capacity loss percentage	Storage performance indicator
Charging Efficiency	Percentage of energy retained during charging	Impacts operational costs

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Smartphones, tablets, wearables
Transportation: EVs (Tesla Model 3), Hybrid vehicles (Toyota Prius)
Renewable Energy: Solar+storage systems (Tesla Powerwall)
Industrial: Forklifts, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)
Military/Aerospace: UAVs, satellites

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Chemistry Type
Panasonic	NCR18650B	Lithium-ion
BYD	Blade Battery	Lithium Iron Phosphate
Samsung SDI	INR18650-30Q	Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM)
Exide Technologies	Chloride SLA	Lead-Acid
LG Chem	LGDBHE21865	Lithium-ion Polymer

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations:

Energy Requirements: Calculate Wh needed for target runtime
Power Profile: Assess peak current demands (e.g., EV acceleration)
Environmental Conditions: Operating temperature range (-20 C to 60 C typical)
Cost Constraints: Balance upfront cost vs lifecycle value
Regulatory Compliance: UN38.3, IEC 62133 certifications

Example: Select LiFePO4 for solar storage systems requiring 5000+ cycles and wide temperature tolerance.

8. Industry Trends

Material Innovation: Silicon anodes (20%+ capacity increase), solid-state electrolytes
Fast Charging: 0-80% in 15 minutes (e.g., Tesla 4680 cells)
Recycling: EU Battery Passport regulations driving closed-loop systems
Market Growth: 12.6% CAGR projected through 2030 (Grand View Research)
AI Integration: Smart BMS (Battery Management Systems) optimizing charge cycles