LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
SML-LX5050SIUPGUBC Lumex, Inc.	LED RGB CLEAR 6PLCC SMD	0
5973111502F Dialight	LED RED CLEAR 1208 SMD	105593240
TLHG5200 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN TINTED 5MM T/H	2621
WP710A10SGD5V Kingbright	LED GREEN DIFFUSED T-1 T/H	2085
MV8190	SINGLE COLOR LED, SUPER RED, DIF	7000
APT2012VBC/D Kingbright	LED BLUE CLEAR CHIP SMD	26595
LTST-C194TGKT Lite-On, Inc.	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD	801
SML-M13PTT86 ROHM Semiconductor	LED GREEN CLEAR 0805 SMD	2263
LTL-307YLC Lite-On, Inc.	LED YELLOW DIFFUSED T-1 3/4 T/H	2098
VLMK31R1S2-GS18 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED CLEAR 2PLCC SMD	0
VLMK23P2R1-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED CLEAR SMD MINILED SMD	930
TLCY6100 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED YELLOW CLEAR 5MM T/H	0
L199QOC-TR American Opto Plus LED Corp.	0403 ORANGE SMD LED	25
VAOL-3LAE2 Visual Communications Company, LLC	LED RED DIFFUSED RADIAL LEAD T/H	921
AA3528SURSK Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR SMD	11163
HLMP-C523 Broadcom	LED GREEN CLEAR T-1 3/4 T/H	0
61-238/QK2C-B28322FAGB2/ET Everlight Electronics	LED WARM WHITE DIFF 6PLCC SMD	0
150302RS73100 Würth Elektronik Midcom	WL-SMTW SMT MONO-COLOR TOP LED W	2959
MT112TB-RG-A Marktech Optoelectronics	LED RED DIFF RECT 2MMX4MM T/H	9599
155124BS73200 Würth Elektronik Midcom	LED BLUE CLEAR 1204 SMD R/A	5018

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials