LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
LTL2R3KSK Lite-On, Inc.	LED YELLOW CLEAR T-1 3/4 T/H	2827
NTE30105 NTE Electronics, Inc.	LED-YEL/YEL_GRN 5MM 3LEAD	7047
AM23SGC-F Kingbright	LED GREEN CLEAR SOT23-3 SMD	12036
XSUGY47M SunLED	LED GRN/YELLOW DIFFUSED RECT T/H	0
LTST-C150KFKT Lite-On, Inc.	LED ORANGE CLEAR 1206 SMD	18269
HSMS-C110 Broadcom	LED RED DIFFUSED CHIP SMD R/A	0
5973231202F Dialight	LED AMBER CLEAR 2PLCC SMD	0
L314ET American Opto Plus LED Corp.	3MM RED LED LAMP	9170
CS85BG2C ChromeLED	LED GREEN CLEAR 0805 SMD	11
TLLY4401 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED YELLOW DIFFUSED 3MM T/H	4855
APBA3010ESGC-GX Kingbright	LED GREEN/RED CLEAR CHIP SMD R/A	23457
HSMC-C120 Broadcom	LED RED CLEAR SMD R/A	20966
WP710A10SEC/J3 Kingbright	LED RED CLEAR T-1 T/H	43286
QTLP650D2TR Everlight Electronics	LED RED DIFFUSED 1206 SMD	68880
CLP6B-WKW-CC0E0233 Cree	LED COOL WHITE DIFF 6PLCC SMD	0
MV64531 Everlight Electronics	LED GREEN DIFFUSED T-1 3/4 T/H	1728
SLR-343MC3F ROHM Semiconductor	LED GREEN CLEAR T-1 T/H	1942
150141BS63130 Würth Elektronik Midcom	WL-SMTD SMT MONO-COLOR TOP LED D	2000
LTST-C191KFKT Lite-On, Inc.	LED ORANGE CLEAR SMD	31731
SML-H1505SUGC-TR Lumex, Inc.	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD DOME LED	26

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials