Logic - Translators, Level Shifters

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
NB100ELT23LDTR2G Sanyo Semiconductor/ON Semiconductor	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 8TSSOP	250012500
MC100ELT24D	TTL TO ECL TRANSLATOR	2
SN74AVCAH164245VR Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 48TVSOP	802
74AUP1T58GF,132-NEX Nexperia	LOGIC CIRCUIT, CMOS, PDSO6	0
TXS0102DCUR Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 8VSSOP	0
NLSX4014DTR2G Sanyo Semiconductor/ON Semiconductor	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 14TSSOP	823
NLSX4378BFCT1G	BUS DRIVER	569580
NTB0102DP-Q100H NXP Semiconductors	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 8TSSOP	14492
MC10H124MELG	TTL TO ECL TRANSLATOR	3090
PI4GTL2002UEX Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)	INTERFACE GTL 2.5K 8-MSOP	2229
SY100EPT22VKG-TR Roving Networks / Microchip Technology	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 8MSOP	0
TXB0101DCKRG4 Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL SC70-6	0
SN65ELT21DR Texas Instruments	SN65ELT21 5V PECL TO TTL TRANSLA	21741
MAX13055EETI+ Maxim Integrated	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 28TQFN	773190
74AVC16T245DGV,118 Nexperia	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 48TSSOP	0
SY100ELT25ZG Roving Networks / Microchip Technology	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 8SOIC	0
FXL4TD245BQX Sanyo Semiconductor/ON Semiconductor	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 16DQFN	185
74LVX3245QSC	BUS TRANSCEIVER, LV/LV-A/LVX/H S	24620
SN74LVC4245APW Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 24TSSOP	1747
MC10EPT20D	TTL/CMOS TO PECL TRANSLATOR	26481

Logic - Translators, Level Shifters

1. Overview

Logic translators and level shifters are semiconductor devices that enable signal compatibility between circuits operating at different voltage levels. These ICs ensure reliable data transmission by converting logic signals from one voltage domain to another, maintaining signal integrity in mixed-voltage systems. Their importance has grown with the proliferation of low-voltage CMOS technologies and multi-rail power architectures in modern electronics.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Single-direction translators	Unidirectional voltage conversion with isolation	SPI interface between 3.3V FPGA and 1.8V sensors
Bi-directional translators	Automatic direction detection, dual-voltage I/O	I2C bus bridging between 5V microcontroller and 2.5V EEPROM
Multi-channel level shifters	Parallel conversion of multiple signals (4-32 channels)	Memory interface between SoC and DDR4 SDRAM modules
Direction-controlled translators	External control pin for signal direction selection	UART level conversion in industrial communication modules

3. Structure and Composition

Typical devices feature a monolithic CMOS structure with dual power supply inputs (VCCA and VCCB). Physical components include:

Dual-supply MOSFET pairs for voltage translation
Integrated clamp circuits for ESD protection
Direction control logic (for bidirectional types)
Channel-specific enable/disable circuitry

Common package types: TSSOP (14-48 pins), QFN (20-64 pins), WLCSP (1.5 1.5mm ultra-compact).

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Significance
Voltage range (1.2V-5.5V)	Determines compatibility with different logic families
Conversion rate (100Mbps-1.2Gbps)	Limits maximum operating frequency
Channel count (1-32)	Impacts system integration density
Propagation delay (2-20ns)	Affects timing critical applications
Quiescent current (1-100 A)	Power efficiency in battery-powered systems

5. Application Areas

Key industries include:

Telecommunications: 5G baseband processors interfacing with RF front-ends
Industrial automation: PLC modules connecting 24V sensors to 3.3V MCUs
Consumer electronics: Smartphone PMIC to application processor communication
Automotive systems: CAN-FD transceiver voltage adaptation
IoT devices: Sensor hub interfacing between different voltage rail components

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI (Texas Instruments)	TXB0108	8-channel, 1.2-3.6V to 1.65-5.5V translation, auto-direction detection
NXP Semiconductors	LTC2850	3.3/5V dual supply, 15kV ESD protection, RS485/UART interface
ON Semiconductor	NXU408	4-channel, 0.9-5.5V range, sub-1ns propagation delay
STMicroelectronics	L6470	Stepper motor driver with integrated level shifting for industrial automation

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

Match supply voltage ranges with source/target systems
Ensure conversion rate meets timing requirements
Choose appropriate channel density to minimize PCB area
For bidirectional buses, select devices with automatic direction sensing
Consider thermal performance for high-current applications
Evaluate ESD protection levels for industrial environments

8. Industry Trends

Development directions include:

Voltage scaling down to 0.8V core operation
Integration with signal conditioning functions
Increased adoption of capacitive isolation technology
Advanced packaging (3D TSV, fan-out WLP)
Protocol-aware smart translation (I3C, PCIe 6.0)