Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
DVS-3R6D104T-R5

DVS-3R6D104T-R5

Elna America

CAP 100MF 3.6V SURFACE MNT

325

EEC-HZ0E475

EEC-HZ0E475

Panasonic

CAP 4.7F -20% +40% 2.5V T/H

1155

JJL0E268MSEGBN

JJL0E268MSEGBN

Nichicon

CAP 2600F 20% 2.5V CHASSIS MOUNT

0

XT3550-3R0287-R

XT3550-3R0287-R

PowerStor (Eaton)

CAP 275F -5% +20% 3V T/H

95

HB0820-2R5305-R

HB0820-2R5305-R

PowerStor (Eaton)

CAP 3F -10% +30% 2.5V T/H

3041

MAL223551009E3

MAL223551009E3

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

CAP ALUM 60F 3V 2000H

0

TPL-3.3/10X20F

TPL-3.3/10X20F

Tecate Group

CAP 3.3F -10% +20% 2.7V T/H

3684

EEC-HW0D506

EEC-HW0D506

Panasonic

CAP 50F -20% +40% 2.3V T/H

9592

DZ-2R5D335T

DZ-2R5D335T

Elna America

CAP 3.3F -20% +80% 2.5V T/H

1022

SCMR22D155PSBB0H

SCMR22D155PSBB0H

Elco (AVX)

CAP 1.5F 0% +100% 5.4V T/H

0

JUWT1275MPD

JUWT1275MPD

Nichicon

CAP 2.7F 20% 2.7V T/H

1

BZ025A404ZAB

BZ025A404ZAB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 400MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

0

BZ015B603ZSB

BZ015B603ZSB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 60MF -20% +80% 5.5V SMD

0

TPLC-3R8/25MR8X20

TPLC-3R8/25MR8X20

Tecate Group

CAP HYBRID 25F 3.8V T/H

116

XL60-2R7308W-R

XL60-2R7308W-R

PowerStor (Eaton)

CAP 3000F 0% +20% 2.7V CHAS MT

0

MAL222051001E3

MAL222051001E3

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

CAP ALUM 40F 2.7V 1000H

0

MAL223531011E3

MAL223531011E3

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

CAP ALUM 5F 3V 1000H

0

SCAP,PBL-2.5/5.4

SCAP,PBL-2.5/5.4

Tecate Group

CAP 2.5F 5.4V UCAP PACK

13

SCMS22C255PRBA0

SCMS22C255PRBA0

Elco (AVX)

CAP 2.5F 0% +100% 5V T/H

797

TPLH-2R7/650SL60X51

TPLH-2R7/650SL60X51

Tecate Group

CAP 650F 2.7V CHASSIS STUD MOUNT

113

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

1. Overview

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), commonly referred to as supercapacitors, are electrochemical energy storage devices that bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. They store energy through electrostatic charge separation at the electrode-electrolyte interface, offering high power density, rapid charge/discharge cycles, and exceptional cycle life (up to 1 million cycles). Their importance in modern technology lies in enabling energy-efficient systems for applications requiring burst power, energy recovery, and backup power solutions.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type Functional Features Application Examples
EDLC (Carbon-based) High power density, long cycle life, low energy density Regenerative braking systems, UPS
Pseudocapacitors Higher energy density via redox reactions, moderate cycle life Portable electronics, grid energy storage
Hybrid Supercapacitors Combines EDLC and battery materials for balanced energy/power density Electric vehicles, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

A typical supercapacitor consists of two activated carbon electrodes separated by a porous membrane, immersed in an electrolyte (aqueous, organic, or ionic liquid). The electrodes are coated on current collectors (usually aluminum foil), and the entire assembly is enclosed in a hermetically sealed metal or polymer casing. Advanced designs incorporate graphene or carbon nanotubes to enhance surface area and conductivity.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter Description & Importance
Capacitance (F) Determines charge storage capacity (range: 1 F to 5000 F)
Rated Voltage (V) Limits operational voltage (2.5 V 3.0 V per cell)
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Affects power delivery efficiency (low ESR enables high pulse currents)
Energy Density (Wh/kg) Typical range: 5 50 Wh/kg
Power Density (kW/kg) Typical range: 1 10 kW/kg
Cycle Life Exceeds 100,000 cycles with minimal degradation

5. Application Fields

  • Consumer Electronics: Smart meters, LED flashlights
  • Automotive: Start-stop systems, kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS)
  • Industrial: Robotics, backup power for PLCs
  • Renewable Energy: Solar/wind energy storage, grid frequency regulation
  • Transportation: Trams, buses, and hybrid vehicles

6. Leading Manufacturers and Representative Products

Manufacturer Product Series Key Specifications
Maxwell Technologies (Tesla) BoostCap BC Series 10 F 3400 F, 2.7 V, ESR < 0.5 m
Panasonic Gold Capacitor Series 5 F 1000 F, 3.0 V, 10-year lifespan
Skeleton Technologies SkelCap Series 1200 F 5000 F, 2.85 V, 40 kW/kg power density
Samsung SDI
Supercapacitor Modules 50 F 2000 F, automotive-grade durability

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations include:

  • Application Requirements: Prioritize power density for pulse applications or energy density for long-duration backup
  • Voltage Matching: Use cell-balancing circuits for multi-cell stacks
  • Operating Environment: Select electrolytes suitable for temperature extremes (e.g., ionic liquids for -40 C to 85 C)
  • Lifetime Cost: Evaluate cycle life versus initial cost (e.g., EDLCs outlast batteries in cycling applications)

 

Industry Trends and Future Outlook

Emerging trends include:

  • Development of graphene-based electrodes to double energy density
  • Integration with IoT devices for smart energy management
  • Growth in automotive applications driven by EV and 48V micro-hybrid systems
  • Adoption of aqueous electrolytes for safer, low-cost energy storage
  • Hybrid supercapacitor-battery systems for renewable energy grids

The global supercapacitor market is projected to grow at 20% CAGR (2023 2030), driven by demand in transportation and renewable energy sectors.

 

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