Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
UCX1V102MNS1MS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 35V SMD	2
16PK100MEFCTA5X11 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 16V RADIAL	2349
UKL1HR68KDDANATA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 0.68UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
ALS81H363DF040 KEMET	CAP ALUM 36000UF 20% 40V SCREW	0
MLP562M035EK0A Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 5600UF 20% 35V FLATPACK	36
ECA-1HHG221 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
ULD2D100MPD1TA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 200V THRU HOLE	0
LLG2C272MELC40 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 2700UF 20% 160V SNAP	0
UPW1E100MDD1TA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
UEP1J330MPD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 63V RADIAL	547
ESMG401ELL470MLN3S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 400V RADIAL	0
B43504A5187M62 TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 180UF 20% 450V SNAP	0
UCS2D820MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 82UF 20% 200V RADIAL	684
672D336H100EK5D Vishay / Sprague	CAP ALUM 33UF 100V RADIAL	0
EKMG630ELL331MJ20S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
ALC80C822KP200 KEMET	SNAP-IN HIGH CV 105C 8200UF 200V	0
B41896C3338M TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 3300UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
EPAG421ELL151MM40S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 150UF 20% 420V RADIAL	244
B41505F5478M7 TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 25V SNAP	0
UMW1A470MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.