Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
LGU1V682MELZ Nichicon	CAP ALUM 6800UF 20% 35V SNAP	0
B43505A5227M000 TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 450V SNAP	320
B43640G2827M000 TDK EPCOS	ALUMINIUM ELECTROLYTIC SNAP-IN 2	0
EMVY160ADA220ME55G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 16V SMD	1388
EEE-HC1C100R Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 16V SMD	8762
EEE-TG2A220P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 100V SMD	3041
400MXG68MEFCSN20X25 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 68UF 20% 400V SNAP	156
EMVH500ADA220MF80G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 50V SMD	0
ECA-1JHG101B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
ULD2D3R3MED Nichicon	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 200V RADIAL	0
EKZE500ELL181MH20D United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 180UF 20% 50V RADIAL	980
80ZLH56MEFC8X11.5 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 56UF 20% 80V RADIAL	245
B43231C1567M TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 560UF 20% 160V SNAP	0
LGR2E122MELC50 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1200UF 20% 250V SNAP	1992
UMF1V150MDD1TP Nichicon	CAP ALUM 15UF 20% 35V RADIAL	3
UPA1A471MPD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
TE1304.2-E3 Vishay / Sprague	CAP ALUM 15UF 50V AXIAL	0
CGS783U040X6L Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 78000UF 40V SCREW	0
63ZL82MEFCTA8X16 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 82UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
MLP213M016EA1C Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 21000UF 20% 16V FLATPCK	0

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.