Thermal - Pads, Sheets

Image	Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity	Rfq
	188635F00000G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	188754F00000G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	189758F00000 Aavid	THERM PAD 19.05MMX12.7MM W/ADH	0
	53-78-3AC Aavid	THERM PAD 25.4X20.32MM W/ADH	0
	53-77-3G Aavid	THERM PAD 17.5X14.27MM GRY/GRN	0
	53-77-10AC Aavid	THERM PAD 22.99X20.96MM W/ADH	0
	56-77-10G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	5300AC 2.875G Aavid	THERM PAD 100MX76.2MM W/ADH	0
	188623F00000G Aavid	THERM PAD 40.46MMX27.94MM GRAY	0
	4003-1G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	188961F00000 Aavid	THERM PAD 19.05MMX10.41MM GRAY	0
	53-77-5AC Aavid	THERM PAD 20.32X15.24MM W/ADH	0
	188854F00000G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	188654F00000G Aavid	THERM PAD 19.05MMX12.7MM GRAY	0
	53-77-11 Aavid	THERM PAD 26.16X13.21MM GRY/GRN	0
	53-77-10ACG Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	189754F00000 Aavid	THERM PAD 19.05MMX12.7MM W/ADH	0
	189654F00000G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	56-02-101G Aavid	HEATSINK	0
	4720A Aavid	HARD ANODIZED ALUMINUM INSULATOR	0

Thermal - Pads, Sheets

1. Overview

Thermal pads and sheets are thermally conductive materials used to transfer heat away from electronic components to heat sinks or ambient environments. They fill air gaps between uneven surfaces, improving thermal efficiency. These materials are critical in modern electronics, automotive systems, and industrial equipment to prevent overheating, enhance reliability, and ensure compliance with safety standards.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
Silicone-Based Pads	High flexibility, low compression force, dielectric insulation	Smartphones, laptops, LED lighting
Non-Silicone Pads	Lower cost, reduced silicone oil migration	Power supplies, industrial controls
Phase Change Materials (PCM)	Softening at operational temperatures for better contact	CPUs, GPUs, servers
Metal-Backed Pads	Aluminum/copper reinforcement for structural support	EV battery packs, high-power lasers
Graphite Sheets	Ultra-thin, anisotropic heat spreading	5G base stations, wearable devices

3. Structure and Composition

Typical thermal pads consist of:

Base Material: Silicone rubber (standard), polyurethane (low-cost), or epoxy (rigid)
Filler: Aluminum oxide, boron nitride, or silver-coated particles for thermal conductivity
Adhesive Layers: Pressure-sensitive acrylic or silicone adhesives (optional)
Reinforcement: Fiberglass mesh or metal foils for mechanical stability

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Importance
Thermal Conductivity (W/m K)	Measures heat transfer efficiency (ASTM D5470)
Thickness (mm)	Impacts contact resistance and compression force
Operating Temperature Range ( C)	Determines material stability under thermal stress
Hardness (Shore 00)	Affects conformability to surfaces
Adhesion Strength (N/mm )	Critical for mechanical fixation
Electrical Insulation (kV/mm)	Essential for high-voltage applications

5. Application Fields

Major industries include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phones (e.g., Samsung Galaxy series), tablets, gaming consoles
Automotive: EV battery thermal management (Tesla Model 3), powertrain inverters
Telecom: 5G base stations (Huawei AAU modules), optical transceivers
Industrial: CNC machines, medical imaging equipment
Aerospace: Avionics cooling systems

6. Leading Manufacturers & Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Specification
Laird Performance Materials	THERM-A-GAP GEL 15	15 W/m K, 0.5mm thickness
Bergquist (Henkel)	Gap Pad 1500S	Silicone-free, 8.0 W/m K
3M	5595 PCM	Phase change at 55 C, 12 W/m K
Fujipoly	SARCON Matrix MG	Metal-gel hybrid, 20 W/m K
Momentive	TSE 3045	Graphite sheet, 400 W/m K (in-plane)

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

Thermal Requirements: Calculate required thermal conductivity based on power dissipation (using Fourier's Law)
Mechanical Constraints: Evaluate hardness-thickness trade-offs for housing clearance
Environmental Factors: Check temperature/chemical resistance for outdoor/automotive use
Cost Optimization: Balance performance vs. budget (e.g., graphite sheets cost 30% more than silicone pads)
Regulatory Compliance: Ensure RoHS/REACH certification for EU markets

8. Industry Trends

Emerging trends include:

Ultra-Thin Materials: 0.1mm graphite sheets for foldable devices
High-Conductivity Composites: Boron nitride nanotube-enhanced pads (30+ W/m K)
Smart Thermal Interfaces: Electro-responsive materials with tunable conductivity
Green Manufacturing: Water-based silicone formulations reducing VOC emissions
Integrated Solutions: Combination pads with embedded temperature sensors