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TVS - Varistors, MOVs

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
VDRS07H130BSE

VDRS07H130BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 205V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

4620
VDRS05C060BSE

VDRS05C060BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100V 400A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS05C420BSE

VDRS05C420BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 680V 400A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS20W250BSE

VDRS20W250BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 390V 6.5KA DISC 22.50MM

0
VDRUS14X230BSE

VDRUS14X230BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VDR US 14D 8000A 230V STLDS

0
VDRS05C460BSE

VDRS05C460BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 750V 400A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS10P460BSE

VDRS10P460BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 750V 2.5KA DISC 12.50MM

5700
VDRS07B035BSE

VDRS07B035BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 56V 250A DISC 9MM

4484
VDRS07H275TSE

VDRS07H275TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 430V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

3785
VDRS07H060BSE

VDRS07H060BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

1282
VDRUS14X300BKE

VDRUS14X300BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VDR US 14D 8000A 300V KNLDS

0
VDRS05C250BSE

VDRS05C250BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 390V 400A DISC 7MM

3164
VDRUS10T460BKE

VDRUS10T460BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VDR US 10D 4500A 460V KNLDS

0
VDRS07H320BSE

VDRS07H320BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 510V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS20W130BSE

VDRS20W130BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 205V 6.5KA DISC 22.50MM

0
VDRS10D030BSE

VDRS10D030BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 47V 500A DISC 12MM

0
VDRS20W175BSE

VDRS20W175BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 275V 6.5KA DISC 22.50MM

0
VDRUS20Z510BKE

VDRUS20Z510BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VDR US 20D 130AA 510V KNLDS

0
VDRS10D014TSE

VDRS10D014TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 22V 500A DISC 12MM

0
VDRUS14X320BSE

VDRUS14X320BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VDR US 14D 8000A 320V STLDS BULK

850

TVS - Varistors, MOVs

1. Overview

Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS), Varistors, and Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are critical components for protecting electronic circuits from voltage spikes and electrostatic discharge (ESD). These devices clamp excessive voltage to safe levels, preventing damage to sensitive components. TVS diodes are semiconductor-based solutions with fast response times, while Varistors (including MOVs) use nonlinear resistive materials to absorb energy. Their importance spans industries like telecommunications, automotive, and consumer electronics, ensuring reliability in environments exposed to electrical surges.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional CharacteristicsApplication Examples
TVS DiodesUnidirectional/bidirectional clamping, sub-nanosecond response time, low leakage currentCommunication interfaces (USB, HDMI), microcontrollers, power supplies
Zinc Oxide VaristorsHigh energy absorption, voltage-dependent resistance, aging characteristicsPower line protection, industrial motor drives, surge protection strips
MOVsSpecialized varistors with metal oxide ceramics, optimized for AC/DC applicationsAppliances, LED lighting, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

TVS diodes employ a PN junction semiconductor structure with doping profiles optimized for breakdown characteristics. Varistors consist of polycrystalline ceramic materials (typically zinc oxide grains with additives) sandwiched between metal electrodes, encapsulated in epoxy or molded housings. MOVs use similar materials to varistors but with enhanced grain boundary engineering for improved voltage clamping. All devices incorporate termination coatings (e.g., silver, tin) for PCB mounting compatibility.

4. Key Technical Parameters

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Clamping Voltage (VCLAMP)Voltage level during surge conductionDetermines protection level for downstream components
Response TimeTime to transition from blocking to clamping modeTVS: 0.5-10 ns; MOVs: 10-50 ns
Energy Absorption (WADM)Maximum surge energy handling capabilityMeasured in joules (J), critical for industrial applications
Leakage CurrentOff-state current at rated voltageImpacts power efficiency, typically <100 A

5. Application Fields

Key industries include:

  • Consumer Electronics: Smartphone charging circuits, TV power supplies
  • Industrial Automation: PLCs, motor drives, sensor interfaces
  • Automotive: ECU protection, CAN bus interfaces, battery management systems
  • Renewable Energy: Solar inverters, wind turbine controllers

Case Study: MOVs in smart meters provide 10kA surge protection against grid transients.

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerRepresentative ProductKey Specifications
LittelfuseSM712-0212A, 13.3V clamping, bidirectional TVS for RS-485
BournsV14450A14mm MOV, 450VAC, 210J energy rating
STMicroelectronicsTV05C0600.5W, 6V, ultra-small TVS for IoT devices

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

  • Operating voltage vs. clamping voltage margin
  • Surge current requirements (8/20 s waveform standard)
  • Package size constraints (SMD vs. through-hole)
  • Environmental conditions (temperature, humidity)
  • Lifespan expectations (MOVs degrade with repeated surges)

8. Industry Trends

Emerging trends include:

  • Miniaturization: Sub-0201 TVS devices for mobile applications
  • Higher energy density: MOVs with >1000J/cm absorption
  • Integration: Combined ESD and surge protection solutions
  • Automotive focus: AEC-Q qualified devices for 48V systems
  • Green manufacturing: Lead-free and RoHS-compliant materials
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