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TVS - Varistors, MOVs

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
VDRS10D025BSE

VDRS10D025BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 39V 500A DISC 12MM

0
VDRS07B030TGE

VDRS07B030TGE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 47V 250A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS07H300TSE

VDRS07H300TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 470V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS14T250TSE

VDRS14T250TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 390V 4.5KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRS07H060BKE

VDRS07H060BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS10P250BKE

VDRS10P250BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 390V 2.5KA DISC 12MM

0
VDRS14T320TME

VDRS14T320TME

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 510V 4.5KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRH10S300TLE

VDRH10S300TLE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 470V 3.5KA DISC 12MM

0
MLV2220E35003T

MLV2220E35003T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 82V 800A 2220

0
VDRS07B017TME

VDRS07B017TME

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 27V 250A DISC 9MM

0
VDRH07D020TSE

VDRH07D020TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 33V 500A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS07H130TLE

VDRS07H130TLE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 205V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS14G035BKE

VDRS14G035BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 56V 1KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRH07K060BSE

VDRH07K060BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100V 1.75KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS05C250TSE

VDRS05C250TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 390V 400A DISC 7MM

0
MLV1812E32003T

MLV1812E32003T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 800A 1812

2673
VDRS14G020BSE

VDRS14G020BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 33V 1KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRS14T275ALE

VDRS14T275ALE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 430V 4.5KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRS07H420ASE

VDRS07H420ASE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 680V 1.2KA DISC 9MM

0
VDRS05C460TSE

VDRS05C460TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 750V 400A DISC 7MM

0

TVS - Varistors, MOVs

1. Overview

Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS), Varistors, and Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are critical components for protecting electronic circuits from voltage spikes and electrostatic discharge (ESD). These devices clamp excessive voltage to safe levels, preventing damage to sensitive components. TVS diodes are semiconductor-based solutions with fast response times, while Varistors (including MOVs) use nonlinear resistive materials to absorb energy. Their importance spans industries like telecommunications, automotive, and consumer electronics, ensuring reliability in environments exposed to electrical surges.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional CharacteristicsApplication Examples
TVS DiodesUnidirectional/bidirectional clamping, sub-nanosecond response time, low leakage currentCommunication interfaces (USB, HDMI), microcontrollers, power supplies
Zinc Oxide VaristorsHigh energy absorption, voltage-dependent resistance, aging characteristicsPower line protection, industrial motor drives, surge protection strips
MOVsSpecialized varistors with metal oxide ceramics, optimized for AC/DC applicationsAppliances, LED lighting, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

TVS diodes employ a PN junction semiconductor structure with doping profiles optimized for breakdown characteristics. Varistors consist of polycrystalline ceramic materials (typically zinc oxide grains with additives) sandwiched between metal electrodes, encapsulated in epoxy or molded housings. MOVs use similar materials to varistors but with enhanced grain boundary engineering for improved voltage clamping. All devices incorporate termination coatings (e.g., silver, tin) for PCB mounting compatibility.

4. Key Technical Parameters

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Clamping Voltage (VCLAMP)Voltage level during surge conductionDetermines protection level for downstream components
Response TimeTime to transition from blocking to clamping modeTVS: 0.5-10 ns; MOVs: 10-50 ns
Energy Absorption (WADM)Maximum surge energy handling capabilityMeasured in joules (J), critical for industrial applications
Leakage CurrentOff-state current at rated voltageImpacts power efficiency, typically <100 A

5. Application Fields

Key industries include:

  • Consumer Electronics: Smartphone charging circuits, TV power supplies
  • Industrial Automation: PLCs, motor drives, sensor interfaces
  • Automotive: ECU protection, CAN bus interfaces, battery management systems
  • Renewable Energy: Solar inverters, wind turbine controllers

Case Study: MOVs in smart meters provide 10kA surge protection against grid transients.

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerRepresentative ProductKey Specifications
LittelfuseSM712-0212A, 13.3V clamping, bidirectional TVS for RS-485
BournsV14450A14mm MOV, 450VAC, 210J energy rating
STMicroelectronicsTV05C0600.5W, 6V, ultra-small TVS for IoT devices

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

  • Operating voltage vs. clamping voltage margin
  • Surge current requirements (8/20 s waveform standard)
  • Package size constraints (SMD vs. through-hole)
  • Environmental conditions (temperature, humidity)
  • Lifespan expectations (MOVs degrade with repeated surges)

8. Industry Trends

Emerging trends include:

  • Miniaturization: Sub-0201 TVS devices for mobile applications
  • Higher energy density: MOVs with >1000J/cm absorption
  • Integration: Combined ESD and surge protection solutions
  • Automotive focus: AEC-Q qualified devices for 48V systems
  • Green manufacturing: Lead-free and RoHS-compliant materials
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