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TVS - Varistors, MOVs

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
MLV1206E34503T

MLV1206E34503T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 100A 1206

2815
VDRS10D020BSE

VDRS10D020BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 33V 500A DISC 12MM

0
MLV2220E33003T

MLV2220E33003T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 47V 1.2KA 2220

0
VDRH10S275TSE

VDRH10S275TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 430V 3.5KA DISC 12MM

0
VDRS07B035TGE

VDRS07B035TGE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 56V 250A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS10D017BSE

VDRS10D017BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 27V 500A DISC 12MM

0
VDRS07B040TSE

VDRS07B040TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 68V 250A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS07B040TLE

VDRS07B040TLE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 68V 250A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS05C095TSE

VDRS05C095TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 150V 400A DISC 7MM

0
MLV1206E32503T

MLV1206E32503T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 200A 1206

1099
VDRS14T175TSE

VDRS14T175TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 275V 4.5KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRS07B014TSE

VDRS07B014TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 22V 250A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS14G030ASE

VDRS14G030ASE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 47V 1KA DISC 16MM

0
VDRH07D020BKE

VDRH07D020BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 33V 500A DISC 9MM

0
VDRS05C075BKE

VDRS05C075BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 120V 400A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS14T300TSE

VDRS14T300TSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 470V 4.5KA DISC 16MM

0
MLV2220E31403T

MLV2220E31403T

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 24.5V 1.2KA 2220

0
VDRS05A014BSE

VDRS05A014BSE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 22V 100A DISC 7MM

0
VDRS10P510TLE

VDRS10P510TLE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 820V 2.5KA DISC 12.50MM

0
VDRH14M030BKE

VDRH14M030BKE

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

VARISTOR 47V 2KA DISC 16MM

0

TVS - Varistors, MOVs

1. Overview

Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS), Varistors, and Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are critical components for protecting electronic circuits from voltage spikes and electrostatic discharge (ESD). These devices clamp excessive voltage to safe levels, preventing damage to sensitive components. TVS diodes are semiconductor-based solutions with fast response times, while Varistors (including MOVs) use nonlinear resistive materials to absorb energy. Their importance spans industries like telecommunications, automotive, and consumer electronics, ensuring reliability in environments exposed to electrical surges.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional CharacteristicsApplication Examples
TVS DiodesUnidirectional/bidirectional clamping, sub-nanosecond response time, low leakage currentCommunication interfaces (USB, HDMI), microcontrollers, power supplies
Zinc Oxide VaristorsHigh energy absorption, voltage-dependent resistance, aging characteristicsPower line protection, industrial motor drives, surge protection strips
MOVsSpecialized varistors with metal oxide ceramics, optimized for AC/DC applicationsAppliances, LED lighting, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

TVS diodes employ a PN junction semiconductor structure with doping profiles optimized for breakdown characteristics. Varistors consist of polycrystalline ceramic materials (typically zinc oxide grains with additives) sandwiched between metal electrodes, encapsulated in epoxy or molded housings. MOVs use similar materials to varistors but with enhanced grain boundary engineering for improved voltage clamping. All devices incorporate termination coatings (e.g., silver, tin) for PCB mounting compatibility.

4. Key Technical Parameters

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Clamping Voltage (VCLAMP)Voltage level during surge conductionDetermines protection level for downstream components
Response TimeTime to transition from blocking to clamping modeTVS: 0.5-10 ns; MOVs: 10-50 ns
Energy Absorption (WADM)Maximum surge energy handling capabilityMeasured in joules (J), critical for industrial applications
Leakage CurrentOff-state current at rated voltageImpacts power efficiency, typically <100 A

5. Application Fields

Key industries include:

  • Consumer Electronics: Smartphone charging circuits, TV power supplies
  • Industrial Automation: PLCs, motor drives, sensor interfaces
  • Automotive: ECU protection, CAN bus interfaces, battery management systems
  • Renewable Energy: Solar inverters, wind turbine controllers

Case Study: MOVs in smart meters provide 10kA surge protection against grid transients.

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerRepresentative ProductKey Specifications
LittelfuseSM712-0212A, 13.3V clamping, bidirectional TVS for RS-485
BournsV14450A14mm MOV, 450VAC, 210J energy rating
STMicroelectronicsTV05C0600.5W, 6V, ultra-small TVS for IoT devices

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

  • Operating voltage vs. clamping voltage margin
  • Surge current requirements (8/20 s waveform standard)
  • Package size constraints (SMD vs. through-hole)
  • Environmental conditions (temperature, humidity)
  • Lifespan expectations (MOVs degrade with repeated surges)

8. Industry Trends

Emerging trends include:

  • Miniaturization: Sub-0201 TVS devices for mobile applications
  • Higher energy density: MOVs with >1000J/cm absorption
  • Integration: Combined ESD and surge protection solutions
  • Automotive focus: AEC-Q qualified devices for 48V systems
  • Green manufacturing: Lead-free and RoHS-compliant materials
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