Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
ECA-1JHG221E Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
ECA-2GHG4R7B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 4.7UF 20% 400V RADIAL	0
EEU-ED2D151 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 150UF 20% 200V RADIAL	0
EEE-1HA2R2NR Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2.2UF 20% 50V SMD	1724
EEE-HBA330UAR Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 10V SMD	3245
EEE-FT1A152AV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1500UF 20% 10V SMD	496
EEE-HAV101XAP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 35V SMD	463
ECE-A1HN220UB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 50V RADIAL	1332
EEU-FS1E392B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3900UF 20% 25V T/H	702
EET-HC2S271EA Panasonic	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 420V SNAP	8
EEU-HD1E331 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 25V RADIAL	57
EEU-FM1A102B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 10V RADIAL	137
EEU-FK1C682S Panasonic	CAP ALUM 6800UF 20% 16V RAD TH	363
ECA-2EHG010B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 250V RADIAL	0
EEU-FS0J202B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2000UF 20% 6.3V T/H	1501
EEU-HD1H100 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 50V RADIAL	874
EEE-HAJ331UAP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 6.3V SMD	4500
ECE-A1AKS220I Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
ECA-2WHG010 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 450V RADIAL	0
EEU-FC1J101 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 63V RADIAL	26040

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.