Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
EEE-HA2A100P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 100V SMD	0
EEV-FK1C332V Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3300UF 16V 20% SMD	250
EEE-1EA221UAP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 25V SMD	42
EEE-FP0J221AL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 6.3V 20% SMD	2000
EET-HC2G331LA Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 400V SNAP	71
EEV-TG1V331Q Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 35V SMD	0
EEU-FR1C680 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 68UF 20% 16V RADIAL	3074
EEE-FN1J680P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 68UF 63VDC 20% SMD	0
EEU-FM1V221 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 35V RADIAL	41374
EEU-ED2V470 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 350V RADIAL	357
EEU-FR1H470B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 50V RADIAL TH	1176
ECA-1HM330I Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 50V RADIAL	2000
EEV-HA1C331UP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 16V SMD	565
EEE-FK1E680AL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 68UF 25V 20% SMD	2000
ECA-1AHG101B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
ECE-A0JN222UB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	0
EEU-TA1V471 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
EEU-FR1V681L Panasonic	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
EEU-EB1J3R3H Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
EEU-FS2A121B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 120UF 20% 100V THRUHOLE	1967

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.