Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
UKW2AR22MDD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 0.22UF 20% 100V RADIAL	2000
381LX471M400A052 Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 400V SNAP	2
EKZN800ELL182MM40S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 1800UF 20% 80V RADIAL	0
EMVA101ADA330MJA0G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 100V SMD	4546
10YXH4700MEFC12.5X35 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 10V RAD TH	0
860130273002 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 100 UF 20% 10 V	190
URS1C101MDD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 16V RADIAL	1431
SLP152M160E4P3 Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 1500UF 20% 160V SNAP	0
EDK477M6R3A9MAA KEMET	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 6.3V SMD	104
EGXL250ETD471MJ20S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
EEE-HAJ101WAR Panasonic	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 6.3V SMD	34970
EEV-HA1J220P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 20% 63V SMD	4608
35TZV10M4X6.1 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 35V SMD	3302
EMVE350ADA101MF80G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 35V SMD	0
LLS2A392MELB Nichicon	CAP ALUM 3900UF 20% 100V SNAP	34
UPW1A682MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 6800UF 20% 10V RADIAL	138
UWJ1H2R2MCL1GB Nichicon	CAP ALUM 2.2UF 20% 50V SMD	28
SLPX822M080H4P3 Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 8200UF 20% 80V SNAP	0
10YXH220MEFC6.3X11 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
100YXG390MEFCCE16X31.5 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 390UF 20% 100V RADIAL	0

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.