Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
ALS81P434NF025 KEMET	CAP ALUM 430000UF 20% 25V SCREW	0
ALS80A304QS063 KEMET	CAP ALUM 300000UF 20% 63V SCREW	0
URS1J471MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 63V RADIAL	322
EEU-FR1V222B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2200UF 20% 35V RADIAL	0
UPJ1E102MHD6 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 25V RADIAL	4343
EEU-FK1V561B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 560UF 20% 35V RADIAL TH	0
335SML100M Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 3.3UF 20% 100V SMD	0
EMZF100ADA330ME73G United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 10V SMD	0
ECA-2VM470 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 350V RADIAL	0
450USG270MEFCSN25X40 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 450V SNAP	71
NEH470M10CC NTE Electronics, Inc.	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 10V AXIAL	833
MAL205671472E3 Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 50V SNAP	0
UPS0J101MDD1TD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 6.3V RADIAL	620
TVX2V4R7MCD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 4.7UF 20% 350V AXIAL	188
UMW1C101MDD1TP Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 16V RADIAL	1700
UPS1A470MDD1TA Nichicon	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
B43501D2687M67 TDK EPCOS	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 250V SNAP	0
80LSQ33000MEFC51X118 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 33000UF 20% 80V SCREW	0
USR1A221MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V RADIAL	327
EGXF401ELL200MJ30S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 20UF 20% 400V RADIAL TH	727

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.