Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
UPM2A151MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 150UF 20% 100V RADIAL	0
WBR16-450A Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 16UF 450V AXIAL	0
UVR1H0R1MDD6TP Nichicon	CAP ALUM 0.1UF 20% 50V RADIAL	1858
URS1E101MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 100UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
UMF1A330MDD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 33UF 20% 10V RADIAL	0
MAL214238479E3 Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
CGO632M028L Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 6300UF 20% 28V SCREW	0
UPW1V472MHD Nichicon	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 35V RADIAL	1024
50PK1MEFCT15X11 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 50V RADIAL	0
ALS70H105QW025 KEMET	CAP ALUM 1F 20% 25V SCREW	0
106CKS450MLU Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 10UF 20% 450V THRU HOLE	166510500
LKX2E331MESZ35 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 250V SNAP	0
LNT2H272MSEG Nichicon	CAP ALUM 2700UF 20% 500V SCREW	10
EKZH100ELL152MJ16S United Chemi-Con	CAP ALUM 1500UF 20% 10V RADIAL	2058
ALS80H243QC100 KEMET	CAP ALUM 24000UF 20% 100V SCREW	0
25TGV680M12.5X13.5 Rubycon	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 25V SMD	225
UUX1C331MNL6GS Nichicon	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 16V SMD	0
865080253011 Würth Elektronik Midcom	CAP 330 UF 20% 10 V	321
SLPX102M160A9P3 Cornell Dubilier Electronics	CAP ALUM 1000UF 20% 160V SNAP	0
LGX2W391MELB50 Nichicon	CAP ALUM 390UF 20% 450V SNAP	181

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.