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Battery Packs

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
NH12BP-4F8

NH12BP-4F8

Eveready (Energizer Battery Company)

BATTERY PACK NIMH 9.6V AAA

0
NH12BP-4L2X5

NH12BP-4L2X5

Eveready (Energizer Battery Company)

BATTERY PACK NIMH 12V AAA

0

Battery Packs

1. Overview

Battery packs are integrated assemblies of multiple electrochemical cells connected in series, parallel, or combination configurations to deliver required voltage, capacity, and power. These modular energy storage systems play critical roles in portable electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), renewable energy storage, and industrial equipment. Modern advancements in battery chemistry and management systems have enabled higher energy densities, faster charging capabilities, and improved safety features essential for expanding electrification across industries.

2. Major Types & Functional Classification

TypeFunctional CharacteristicsApplication Examples
Lithium-ion (Li-ion)High energy density (150-250 Wh/kg), 500-2000 cycles lifespan, low self-dischargeSmartphones, EVs, laptops
Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH)Moderate energy density (60-120 Wh/kg), 500-1000 cycles, environmental friendlyHybrid vehicles, digital cameras
Lead-AcidLow cost, high surge currents, 300-500 cyclesAutomotive starters, backup power
Solid-StateHigh safety, >1000 Wh/L energy density, wide temperature rangeNext-gen EVs, aerospace
Lithium Polymer (LiPo)Flexible form factors, 300-500 cycles, lighter weightDrones, wearable devices

3. Structural Composition

Typical battery pack architecture includes:

  • Mechanical Components: Prismatic/cylindrical/smart cells, protective housing, electrical connectors, thermal management materials
  • Internal Technology: Anode/cathode materials (graphite/NMC/LFP), electrolyte (liquid/gel/solid-state), separator films
  • Electronic Systems: Battery Management System (BMS) with voltage monitoring, cell balancing, temperature sensors, communication interfaces (CAN/SMBus)

4. Key Technical Specifications

ParameterSignificance
Energy Density (Wh/kg)Determines runtime/weight ratio for portable devices
Charge Cycle LifeDefines longevity under repeated charge/discharge
Voltage Range (V)Dictates device power requirements
Charge Rate (C-rate)Impacts charging time and thermal performance
Operating Temperature (-20 C to 60 C)Determines environmental suitability

5. Application Domains

  • Consumer Electronics: Smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S23: 4700mAh Li-ion), laptops (Apple MacBook Pro 16": 100Wh)
  • Transportation: Tesla Model Y (75kWh Li-ion pack), Toyota Prius Prime (8.8kWh NiMH)
  • Renewable Energy: Solar storage systems (Tesla Powerwall: 13.5kWh), grid-scale storage (BYD Container System: 576kWh)
  • Industrial: Forklifts (Crown Equipment: 48V Li-ion), medical devices (Philips defibrillators)

6. Leading Manufacturers & Products

ManufacturerProductKey Technology
PanasonicNCR21700B (21700 Li-ion)SiO-C anode, 3.6V, 5100mAh
Samsung SDIICR18650-30QNMC chemistry, 3000mAh
Contemporary Amperex (CATL)NCM811 pouch cellsEnergy density >240Wh/kg
LG ChemLG18650HG23000mAh, 800 cycles
Tesla4680 tabless battery29400mAh, 92kWh pack capacity

7. Selection Guidelines

  • Match voltage/capacity requirements with application needs
  • Evaluate operating environment (temperature, vibration)
  • Verify safety certifications (UN38.3, IEC62133)
  • Assess charging infrastructure compatibility
  • Consider total ownership cost (cycle life vs initial price)
  • Check recyclability and regulatory compliance

8. Industry Trends

Key development directions include:

  • Transition to solid-state electrolytes for enhanced safety (Toyota's 2027 roadmap)
  • Si-based anodes for >400Wh/kg energy density (Tesla's 4680 evolution)
  • Ultra-fast charging (80% in 10 minutes) with new electrode materials
  • Recycling infrastructure expansion (EU Battery Passport initiative)
  • Smart integration with IoT for predictive maintenance
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