Equipment - Oscilloscopes

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
HDO4034A-MS Teledyne LeCroy	350 MHZ, 2.5 GS/S (10 GS/S WITH	0
WAVEJET 354 TOUCH Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL O-SCOPE 500MHZ 4CH 2GS/S	0
T3DSO2204 Teledyne LeCroy	DSO 200MHZ 2GS/S INTERLEAVED 4CH	2
T3DSO1104 Teledyne LeCroy	DSO 100MHZ 1GS/S INTERLEAVED 4CH	22
WAVESURFER 3054Z Teledyne LeCroy	SCOPE 500MHZ 4CH 2/4GS/S 10MPTS	3
T3DSO1102 Teledyne LeCroy	DSO 100MHZ 1GS/S INTERLEAVED 2CH	4
WAVESURFER 3024Z Teledyne LeCroy	SCOPE 200MHZ 4CH 2/4GS/S 10MPTS	0
WAVESURFER 4104HD Teledyne LeCroy	OSCOPE 12.1" 1GHZ 4CH 12BIT HD	0
T3DSO2204A Teledyne LeCroy	200 MHZ OSCILLOSCOPE, 4 CHANNELS	1
HDO4034 Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL OSCOPE 12BIT 350MHZ 4CH	0
WAVESURFER 4024HD Teledyne LeCroy	OSCOPE 12.1" 200MHZ 4CH 12BIT HD	6
HDO4104A Teledyne LeCroy	1 GHZ, 2.5 GS/S (10 GS/S WITH ES	4
MS-500-36 Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL OSCOPE 250MHZ 36CH	0
MS-500 Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL OSCOPE 500MHZ 18CH	0
MS-250 Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL OSCOPE 250MHZ 18CH	0
WAVESURFER 64MXS-B Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL O-SCOPE 600MHZ 5GS/S 4CH	0
WAVESURFER 42MXS-B Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL O-SCOPE 400MHZ 5GS/S 2CH	0
WAVEJET 324-A Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL O-SCOPE 200MHZ 4CH 2GS/S	0
WAVEACE 2002 Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL O-SCOPE 70MHZ 2CH 1GS/S	0
WAVEACE 112 Teledyne LeCroy	DGTL O-SCOPE 100MHZ 2CH 500MS/S	0

Equipment - Oscilloscopes

1. Overview

Oscilloscopes are electronic test instruments that graphically display varying signal voltages over time. As fundamental tools in electrical engineering, they enable visualization of waveform shapes, signal integrity analysis, and transient event detection. Modern oscilloscopes combine analog signal acquisition with digital processing to support complex measurements in R&D, manufacturing, and field service applications.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Key Features	Applications
Analog Oscilloscopes	Continuous signal display using CRT technology, real-time waveform representation	Basic signal observation in education and legacy systems
Digital Storage Oscilloscopes (DSO)	Digitized waveform storage, advanced triggering, FFT analysis	PCB debugging, power electronics analysis
Mixed Signal Oscilloscopes (MSO)	Combines analog/digital channels, protocol decoding (I2C, SPI)	Embedded system development, FPGA testing
Portable Oscilloscopes	Battery-powered, rugged design, USB/LAN connectivity	Field maintenance, industrial troubleshooting
High-Performance Oscilloscopes	Multi-GHz bandwidth, deep memory, differential probing	5G communication testing, high-speed serial buses

3. Structure and Components

Typical oscilloscope architecture includes: - Display Unit: LCD/TFT screen with measurement annotations - Vertical System: Attenuators and amplifiers for signal scaling - Trigger System: Synchronization circuitry for waveform stability - Data Acquisition: ADC converters (8-16 bit resolution) - Processing Unit: FPGA/DSP for waveform analysis - Connectivity Ports: USB, Ethernet, GPIB for data transfer

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Bandwidth	Frequency range (-3dB point)	Determines maximum measurable signal frequency
Sample Rate	Samples per second (MS/s, GS/s)	Affects timing resolution and aliasing prevention
Vertical Resolution	ADC bit depth	Influences amplitude measurement accuracy
Memory Depth	Waveform storage capacity	Enables long-duration signal capture at high sampling rates
Rise Time	Fastest detectable transition speed	Critical for digital signal edge analysis

5. Application Fields

Electronics Manufacturing: PCB fault diagnosis using signal integrity analysis
Telecommunications: 5G NR signal measurement with 800MHz+ bandwidth scopes
Automotive: CAN bus protocol decoding in ECU development
Academia: Student laboratory signal characterization
Aerospace: Avionics signal verification under MIL-STD standards

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Key Product Series	Specifications
Keysight Technologies	Infiniium MXR-Series	500MHz-8GHz bandwidth, 10-bit resolution
Teledyne LeCroy	WaveMaster 8Zi-B	4GHz bandwidth, 20GS/s sampling rate
Rohde & Schwarz	RTO6	6GHz bandwidth, 15-bit vertical resolution
Fluke	ScopeMeter 190-502	500MHz, CAT IV 600V safety rating
NI (National Instruments)	SCOPE PXIe-5186	1GHz bandwidth, 15GS/s with FPGA processing

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations include: - Bandwidth requirement (5 target signal frequency) - Channel count (4 analog + 16 digital for MSO applications) - Sampling rate ( 2 bandwidth for accurate reconstruction) - Probing compatibility (differential/single-ended, voltage range) - Software features (mask testing, compliance automation) - Budget constraints (entry-level: $1k-$5k, high-end: $50k+)

8. Industry Trends

Emerging developments include: - Integration of AI/ML for anomaly detection in signal patterns - Modular oscilloscopes with customizable FPGA processing - Real-time spectrum analysis combining time/frequency domains - USB-powered pocket scopes with smartphone integration - Enhanced protocol decoding support for emerging standards (PCIe 6.0, USB4)