Ultrasonic Receivers, Transmitters

Image	Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity	Rfq
	SEN-09491 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR XL-MAXSONAR-EZ	0
	SEN-11307 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR HRLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-11308 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR HRLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-00639 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR MLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-08501 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR MLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-09495 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR XL-MAXSONAR-EZ	0
	SEN-08502 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR MLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-11309 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR HRLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-08503 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR MLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-08504 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR MLV-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-11724 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR HRXL-MAXSONAR	0
	SEN-13959 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR HC-SR04 40KHZ	0
	SEN-09496 SparkFun	ULTRASONIC SENSOR XL-MAXSONAR-WR	0

Ultrasonic Receivers, Transmitters

1. Overview

Ultrasonic receivers and transmitters are electroacoustic devices that convert electrical signals into ultrasonic waves (transmitters) and vice versa (receivers). Operating above 20 kHz, these devices leverage piezoelectric, capacitive, or magnetic principles to enable non-contact measurement, imaging, and communication. Their importance spans industries including medical diagnostics, industrial automation, automotive safety systems, and smart home devices.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Piezoelectric Transducers	High sensitivity, wide frequency range (40kHz-5MHz), temperature limitations	Medical ultrasound imaging, industrial level sensors
Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducers (CMUT)	Wide bandwidth, low-voltage operation, silicon integration	Portable diagnostic devices, IoT proximity sensors
Magnetostrictive Transducers	High power output, robust design, lower frequency range	Underwater sonar systems, industrial cleaning equipment

3. Structure and Components

Typical construction includes:

Piezoelectric ceramic element (PZT or PVDF polymer)
Protective housing with acoustic matching layer
Electrical terminals with impedance matching circuitry
Damping material to reduce ringing
Environmental sealing (IP67-rated enclosures)

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Operating Frequency	20kHz-10MHz range	Determines penetration depth and resolution
Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient	0.5-0.8 typical range	Measures energy conversion efficiency
Beam Angle	10 -120 variable	Defines detection coverage area
Temperature Stability	-40 C to +120 C	Ensures consistent performance across environments

5. Application Fields

Major applications include:

Medical: Diagnostic ultrasound systems, Doppler blood flow measurement
Industrial: Non-destructive testing (NDT), fluid level monitoring
Automotive: Park assist sensors, blind spot detection
Consumer: Smart faucet sensors, robotic vacuum navigation

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Example	Key Features
TE Connectivity	898-40000-01	120dB dynamic range, 40kHz center frequency
Murata Manufacturing	MA40H1S-R	Compact 16mm diameter, 200Vpp operation
Panasonic	WM-U2JEF-K01	Weather-resistant design, 5m detection range

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

Match frequency to application requirements (e.g., 40kHz for obstacle detection)
Assess environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, vibration)
Evaluate beam pattern requirements for coverage
Verify electrical compatibility (impedance, voltage ratings)
Consider package size and mounting options

8. Industry Trends

Future developments include:

Micromachined piezoelectric elements for miniaturization
Integration with AI for adaptive beamforming
Multi-frequency transducers for combined imaging modes
Increased adoption in autonomous vehicle LiDAR systems
Energy-harvesting ultrasonic sensors