Ultrasonic receivers and transmitters are electroacoustic devices that convert electrical signals into ultrasonic waves (transmitters) and vice versa (receivers). Operating above 20 kHz, these devices leverage piezoelectric, capacitive, or magnetic principles to enable non-contact measurement, imaging, and communication. Their importance spans industries including medical diagnostics, industrial automation, automotive safety systems, and smart home devices.
| Type | Functional Characteristics | Application Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Piezoelectric Transducers | High sensitivity, wide frequency range (40kHz-5MHz), temperature limitations | Medical ultrasound imaging, industrial level sensors |
| Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducers (CMUT) | Wide bandwidth, low-voltage operation, silicon integration | Portable diagnostic devices, IoT proximity sensors |
| Magnetostrictive Transducers | High power output, robust design, lower frequency range | Underwater sonar systems, industrial cleaning equipment |
Typical construction includes:
| Parameter | Description | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Operating Frequency | 20kHz-10MHz range | Determines penetration depth and resolution |
| Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient | 0.5-0.8 typical range | Measures energy conversion efficiency |
| Beam Angle | 10 -120 variable | Defines detection coverage area |
| Temperature Stability | -40 C to +120 C | Ensures consistent performance across environments |
Major applications include:
| Manufacturer | Product Example | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| TE Connectivity | 898-40000-01 | 120dB dynamic range, 40kHz center frequency |
| Murata Manufacturing | MA40H1S-R | Compact 16mm diameter, 200Vpp operation |
| Panasonic | WM-U2JEF-K01 | Weather-resistant design, 5m detection range |
Key considerations:
Future developments include:
