Temperature Sensors - NTC Thermistors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
GA2.2K3A1IA TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERM NTC 2.252KOHM 3976K BEAD	0
A1004TX43N1 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM PROBE	6
701030 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 3KOHM 3891K BEAD	349
GA10K3MCD1 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM 3976K BEAD	3109
A1004RT24K1-F TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM RING LUG	0
055114 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM 3978K BEAD	105
11028263-00 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 30KOHM 3943K BEAD	81
GA1K2A1 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 1KOHM 3348K BEAD	285
055111 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 30KOHM 3943K BEAD	657
GA2.2K3D210 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERM NTC 2.252KOHM 3976K BEAD	6
701008 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 30KOHM 3810K BEAD	0
701033 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERM NTC 2.252KOHM 3891K BEAD	276
GA10K3A1A TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM 3976K BEAD	753
055110 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM 3694K BEAD	23
GA100K6A1A TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERM NTC 100KOHM 4261K BEAD	0
GA10K3MRBD1 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM 3976K BEAD	74
GA10K3A1IA TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 10KOHM 3976K BEAD	933
GA50K6A1A TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 50KOHM 4261K BEAD	317
701003 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERMISTOR NTC 1KOHM 3271K BEAD	66
GC2315R-3-200 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	THERM NTC 231KOHM 4240K BEAD	392

Temperature Sensors - NTC Thermistors

1. Overview

NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistors are temperature-sensitive resistors whose resistance decreases with increasing temperature. This semiconductor ceramic device utilizes metal oxide materials to achieve precise temperature measurement and control. As a fundamental component in thermal management systems, NTC thermistors play critical roles in modern electronics, automotive engineering, and industrial automation due to their high sensitivity ( : 2000-5000 K) and accuracy ( 0.1 C to 5 C).

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Bead Thermistors	Small size ( 0.5-5mm), fast response (<50ms), glass-encapsulated	Medical probes, liquid temperature monitoring
Disk Thermistors	Higher power rating, epoxy-coated, axial leads	Power supply thermal protection, HVAC systems
Chip Thermistors	SMD packaging, low profile (0.6-3.2mm), RoHS compliant	Smartphone thermal management, wearable devices
Glass-Encapsulated	Hermetic seal, corrosion resistance, operating temp: -50 C to +300 C	Automotive battery monitoring, aerospace sensors

3. Structure and Composition

Typical NTC thermistor construction includes:

Semiconductive ceramic core (Mn-Ni-Co-Ox system)
Platinum alloy electrode layers (sintered or plated)
Protective epoxy/glass encapsulation (IP67 rated)
Lead wires (Cu/Ni alloy, 26-34 AWG)

Manufacturing process involves powder synthesis at 1500 C, isostatic pressing, and controlled atmosphere sintering to achieve desired R-T characteristics.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Significance
Rated Resistance (R25)	Resistance at 25 C (100 -10M range)	System compatibility, signal conditioning design
B-Value (K)	Material constant (2000-5000K)	Determines sensitivity across operating range
Tolerance	Resistance deviation ( 1% to 15%)	Affects measurement accuracy
Operating Temp Range	-100 C to +600 C (varies by type)	Environmental suitability
Dissipation Factor	mW/ C (self-heating coefficient)	Power consumption and stability considerations

5. Application Fields

Primary industries utilizing NTC thermistors:

Industrial: Process control ( 0.5 C accuracy), motor protection
Consumer Electronics: Battery management (Li-ion charging), smart thermostats
Medical: Patient monitoring (Class F accuracy), lab equipment
Automotive: Battery pack thermal monitoring (ISO 14001 compliance), ECU protection

Notable application example: Tesla Model S battery management system uses 48-channel NTC array for cell temperature monitoring ( 1 C accuracy).

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Key Products	Technical Highlights
Murata Electronics	NXFT Series	Automotive-grade (AEC-Q200), 0.5 C accuracy, -50 C to +150 C range
TE Connectivity	NTCLE Series	Medical certification (IEC 60601), 3.2mm chip format
Vishay Beyschlag	NTCAl Series	Aluminum housing, 50W power handling, IP68 rating

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations for NTC thermistor selection:

Resistance-Temperature curve matching application requirements
Environmental factors: humidity (IP rating), vibration (automotive shock specs)
Electrical parameters: operating current (self-heating effects)
Form factor constraints (SMD vs through-hole)
Calibration requirements (standard vs customized R-T tables)

Recommend verifying long-term stability (aging rate <0.2%/year) and RoHS compliance for production applications.

8. Industry Trends

Emerging developments include:

Micro-NTC fabrication (MEMS-based, <0.1mm chips)
High-temperature stability improvements (up to 600 C operation)
Integration with wireless sensor networks (Zigbee/LoRa compatibility)
AI-enhanced linearization algorithms (reducing external circuit complexity)

Market growth projected at 8.2% CAGR through 2027 driven by EV battery management demands.