Solar Cells

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
JSP120 Jauch Quartz	JSP120 SOLAR PANEL 120W (US)	12
JDP KILIMANJARO 45 Jauch Quartz	JDP KILIMANJARO 45 SOLAR BACKPAC	20
JDP LONDON 40 Jauch Quartz	JDP LONDON 40 SOLAR BACKPACK (US	0
JSP200 Jauch Quartz	JSP200 SOLAR PANEL 200W (US)	10
JSP60 Jauch Quartz	JSP60 SOLAR PANEL 60W (US)	15

Solar Cells

Solar cells (photovoltaic cells) are semiconductor devices that convert sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. They serve as core components in renewable energy systems, enabling sustainable power generation. Modern advancements have expanded their applications from large-scale power plants to portable electronics, making them critical for reducing fossil fuel dependence.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Monocrystalline Silicon	High efficiency (18-22%), long lifespan (>25 years), high cost	Residential rooftop systems, utility-scale farms
Polycrystalline Silicon	Moderate efficiency (15-18%), lower cost, blue reflective appearance	Commercial buildings, off-grid systems
Thin-Film (a-Si)	Lightweight, flexible, lower efficiency (10-12%), temperature-resistant	Building-integrated PV, portable chargers
CIGS (Copper Indium Gallium Selenide)	12-14% efficiency, better low-light performance	Flexible solar panels, EV charging
Organic PV	Low cost, transparent/colored options, shorter lifespan	Smart windows, wearable devices
Perovskite	High theoretical efficiency (33.7% in tandem), low production cost	Next-gen solar farms, BIPV

3. Structure and Components

Typical crystalline silicon solar cell structure includes: - Anti-reflective coating (silicon nitride) - N-type silicon layer (emitter) - P-type silicon layer (base) - Front electrode grid (silver paste) - Back surface field (aluminum layer) - Encapsulation (EVA film, tempered glass, )

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Description	Importance
Conversion Efficiency	Percentage of sunlight converted to electricity	Directly affects energy output and ROI
Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc)	Maximum voltage at zero current	Determines system voltage compatibility
Short-Circuit Current (Isc)	Maximum current at zero voltage	Impacts wire sizing and inverter selection
Temperature Coefficient	Performance change per C temperature rise	Affects reliability in hot climates
Lifetime	Years until 80% performance retention	Key economic factor

5. Application Fields

Utility-scale solar farms (e.g., 500MW Tengger Desert Solar Park)
Building-integrated PV (BIPV) systems
Consumer electronics (solar chargers, calculators)
Agricultural irrigation systems
Spacecraft power systems (e.g., ISS solar arrays)
Electric vehicle charging stations

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Key Product	Key Features
First Solar	Series 6 Thin-Film	18% efficiency, cadmium-telluride technology
SunPower	Maxeon 3	22.8% efficiency, no degradation warranty
LONGi Solar	Hi-MO 4	Monocrystalline PERC cells, 410W output
Hanwha Q CELLS	Q.PEAK DUO	19.8% efficiency, bifacial generation capability
Tesla	Solar Roof V3	Building-integrated solar tiles

7. Selection Recommendations

Prioritize conversion efficiency for space-constrained installations
Consider temperature coefficient for tropical/hot regions
Evaluate LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) over initial cost
Select appropriate form factor (rigid vs flexible)
Verify certifications (IEC 61215, UL 1703)

8. Industry Trends

Key developments include: - Tandem cells combining perovskite and silicon layers (potential 40% efficiency) - Bifacial modules capturing rear-side irradiance - AI-driven manufacturing for defect reduction - Transparent solar glass integration in skyscrapers - Recycling infrastructure development for end-of-life panels - Quantum dot solar cells for tunable bandgap properties