Particle and dust sensors are sensing devices that detect and measure particulate matter (PM) in air or other gas environments. As critical components of environmental monitoring systems, they convert physical particle characteristics into electrical signals through optical, capacitive, or gravimetric principles. These sensors play vital roles in air quality assessment, industrial safety, and healthcare applications by providing quantitative data for PM2.5, PM10, and total suspended particulates.
| Type | Functional Characteristics | Application Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Optical Scattering Sensors | Measure particle size distribution via laser scattering angles | Indoor air quality monitors |
| Beta Attenuation Monitors | Quantify mass concentration through beta ray absorption | EPA reference standard equipment |
| Oscillating Microbalance | Detect mass changes via quartz crystal frequency shifts | Continuous emission monitoring |
| Capacitive MEMS Sensors | Measure particle deposition via capacitance variation | Portable environmental detectors |
Typical particle sensors consist of: 1) Protective housing with IP-rated enclosure, 2) Detection chamber with controlled airflow, 3) Light source (laser diode or LED), 4) Photodetector array, 5) Signal conditioning circuitry, 6) Digital interface (I2C/UART). Advanced models integrate thermal regulators and humidity compensation modules.
| Parameter | Description | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Measurement Range | 0.3-100 m particle size detection | Determines application scope |
| Counting Efficiency | 98% @ >0.5 m (per JIS B 9921) | Measurement accuracy indicator |
| Flow Rate | 1-2.5 L/min with integrated pump | Ensures representative sampling |
| Communication Protocol | I2C/SPI/Modbus options | System integration factor |
| Calibration Method | Factory/NIST-traceable | Data reliability basis |
| Manufacturer | Representative Product | Key Specifications |
|---|---|---|
| TSI Incorporated | AM510 SidePak | 0.001-10mg/m range, 1 g/m resolution |
| Honeywell | HPMA115S0 | PM2.5/PM10 dual-channel output, UART interface |
| Sensirion | SPS30 | 0.3-40 m detection, MEMS-based |
| Omron | B5W-LB | Compact 28mm housing, 0.1-10 m range |
Key considerations include: measurement accuracy requirements (research vs. industrial), environmental conditions (temperature/humidity range), required particle size resolution, calibration traceability, and integration compatibility. For example, optical sensors are preferred for real-time monitoring in smart buildings, while beta attenuation monitors are mandatory for regulatory compliance in power plants.
Future development focuses on: 1) Miniaturization through MEMS technology (sub-cm sensors), 2) AI-enhanced cross-sensitivity compensation, 3) Multi-parameter integration (PM+gas+weather), 4) Wireless mesh network capabilities. Market demand is driven by increasing air pollution concerns and stricter industrial hygiene regulations, with CAGR projected at 12.3% through 2030.
