Motion Sensors - Accelerometers

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
MMA8453QT NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 2-8G I2C 16QFN	0
ADXL375BCCZ Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCELEROMETER 200G I2C/SPI 14LGA	0
LIS2DS12TR STMicroelectronics	ACCEL 2-16G I2C/SPI 12LGA	15335
BHA250 Bosch Sensortec	ACCELEROMETER 2-16G I2C 14LGA	1083
BMA400 Bosch Sensortec	ACCELEROMETER 2-16G 12LGA	0
MMA6827KCWR2 NXP Semiconductors	ACCELEROMETER 120G SPI 16QFN	0
SCA820-D04-10 TOKO / Murata	ACCELEROMETER 2G SPI 12SMD	0
MMA6856BKCWR2 NXP Semiconductors	XTRINSIC 10 BITS SPI ACCELEROMET	0
SCA2100-D02-10 TOKO / Murata	ACCELEROMETER 2G SPI 12SMD	0
MMA6262QR2	PLUS/MINUS 1.5G DUAL AXIS MICROM	877
786A-IS Wilcoxon (Amphenol Wilcoxon Sensing Technologies)	ACCEL IEPE SENSOR 100MV/G 5%	9
ADXL312ACPZ-RL Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCEL 1.5-12G I2C/SPI 32LFCSP	0
MMA2204KEGR2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors)	MICROMACHINED ACCELEROMETER, CMO	6803
ADXL213AE Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCELEROMETER 1.2G PWM 8LCC	409
LIS2HH12TR STMicroelectronics	ACCELEROMETER 2-8G I2C/SPI 12LGA	0
KX112-1042 ROHM Semiconductor	LOW HEIGHT TRI-AXIS, USER SELECT	8053
3038-0050 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	ACCEL 50G ANALOG HERMETIC LCC	2
805M1-0020-01 TE Connectivity Measurement Specialties	ACCELEROMETER 20G ANALOG TO5-3	23
AD22293Z Analog Devices, Inc.	ACCELEROMETER 5G ANALOG 8CLCC	270
HV201LF-500 Wilcoxon (Amphenol Wilcoxon Sensing Technologies)	ACCEL IEPE SENSOR	0

Motion Sensors - Accelerometers

1. Overview

Accelerometers are motion sensors that measure acceleration forces (static or dynamic) along one or multiple axes. These devices convert mechanical motion into electrical signals, enabling quantitative analysis of vibration, tilt, shock, and dynamic movement. As core components in modern sensing systems, accelerometers play critical roles in consumer electronics, industrial automation, automotive safety systems, and aerospace navigation.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Capacitive MEMS	High sensitivity, low power consumption, digital output	Smartphones, wearable devices
Piezoelectric	Self-powered, excellent frequency response	Vibration analysis, impact detection
Piezoresistive	High shock tolerance, analog output	Automotive crash testing, industrial monitoring
Servo (Force-Balance)	Ultra-high precision, low noise	Inertial navigation, seismic monitoring
Optical MEMS	Immune to electromagnetic interference	High-precision scientific instruments

3. Structure and Components

Typical accelerometers consist of: - Seismic mass with specific inertial properties - Elastic suspension elements (springs or beams) - Displacement detection circuit (capacitive, piezoelectric, or resistive) - Temperature compensation circuitry - Signal conditioning electronics - Protective housing (metal/ceramic/polymer) Modern MEMS devices integrate microstructures on silicon substrates with digital interfaces (I2C/SPI).

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Measurement Range	2g to 500g	Determines application suitability
Resolution	0.1mg to 10mg	Impacts measurement precision
Frequency Response	DC to 10kHz	Affects dynamic signal capture
Nonlinearity	0.1% to 1% FS	Measurement accuracy indicator
Temperature Range	-40 C to +150 C	Environmental reliability
Power Consumption	5 A to 10mA	Battery life consideration

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Smartphones (screen rotation), gaming controllers
Automotive: Airbag deployment, electronic stability control (ESC)
Industrial: Predictive maintenance systems, vibration monitoring
Healthcare: Fall detection devices, rehabilitation equipment
Aerospace: Flight control systems, structural health monitoring
Case Study: iPhone's ADXL345 MEMS accelerometer enables step counting and orientation detection

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
Analog Devices	ADXL345	3-axis, 13-bit resolution, I2C interface
STMicroelectronics	LSM6DSO	6-axis IMU, AI-enabled edge computing
Bosch Sensortec	BMI270	Low-power wearable sensor, 16Hz noise
TE Connectivity	KX134-1211	400g high-shock measurement
Honeywell	QA-750	Tactical-grade servo accelerometer

7. Selection Guidelines

Determine required measurement axes (1D/2D/3D)
Match range/sensitivity with application requirements
Assess environmental conditions (temperature, vibration)
Select appropriate output interface (analog/digital)
Evaluate power consumption constraints
Consider calibration requirements and long-term stability

8. Industry Trends

Key development directions include: - MEMS technology advancement towards atomic-scale sensitivity - Integration with gyroscopes and AI processing (smart sensors) - Wireless sensor network compatibility - Increased adoption in autonomous vehicles and IoT edge devices - Development of ultra-low-power wake-up accelerometers - Fiber optic accelerometer systems for aerospace applications - Enhanced shock survivability for industrial harsh environments