Resistors-Through Hole

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
LR2F2K7 TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 2.70K OHM 3/4W 1% AXIAL	0
H41K78DYA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 1.78K OHM 1/2W 0.5% AXIAL	0
H827RFDA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 27.0 OHM 1/4W 1% AXIAL	0
H86K65BCA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 6.65K OHM 1/4W 0.1% AXIAL	0
CCR222KKB TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 22.0K OHM 2W 10% AXIAL	0
RR01J22RTB TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 22.0 OHM 1W 5% AXIAL	3382
H8330RFZA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 330 OHM 1/4W 1% AXIAL	0
H4604RBCA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 604 OHM 1/2W 0.1% AXIAL	0
H8127KBYA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 127K OHM 1/4W 0.1% AXIAL	0
H84K22BYA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 4.22K OHM 1/4W 0.1% AXIAL	0
H836KFDA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 36.0K OHM 1/4W 1% AXIAL	0
H4P56K2DCA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 56.2K OHM 1W 0.5% AXIAL	0
H864R9DCA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 64.9 OHM 1/4W 0.5% AXIAL	0
H422R6BDA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 22.6 OHM 1/2W 0.1% AXIAL	0
YR1B49K9CC TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 49.9K OHM 1/4W 0.1% AXIAL	3446
H4P86R6DCA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 86.6 OHM 1W 0.5% AXIAL	0
ROX9J27K TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 9W STD M/OX 5% 27K	1749
H8196KBZA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 196K OHM 1/4W 0.1% AXIAL	0
H8499RBYA TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 499 OHM 1/4W 0.1% AXIAL	599
C14220RJL TE Connectivity AMP Connectors	RES 220 OHM 14W 5% AXIAL	0

Resistors-Through Hole

1. Overview

Through Hole Resistors (THRs) are axial-leaded electronic components designed to limit current flow and divide voltages in circuits. They are mounted by inserting leads into printed circuit board (PCB) holes and soldering on the reverse side. As foundational passive components, THRs maintain circuit stability and precision across industries. Despite the rise of surface-mount devices, THRs remain critical for high-power applications and prototyping due to their durability and ease of manual handling.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Carbon Film Resistors	Low noise, stable performance, cost-effective	General-purpose electronics, consumer devices
Metal Film Resistors	High precision ( 0.1% tolerance), low temperature coefficient	Medical instruments, test equipment
Wirewound Resistors	High power handling (up to 50W), accurate resistance values	Power supplies, industrial machinery
Ceramic Composition Resistors	High surge current resistance	Power line filters, lighting ballasts
Fusible Resistors	Acts as both resistor and fuse	Overcurrent protection in power circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical THRs feature:

Lead Wires: Tin-plated copper or silver alloys for solderability
Resistive Element: Carbon/metal film or wound nichrome wire
Insulating Body: Ceramic or glass-epoxy coating
Marking: Color bands (EIA-438B standard) or printed text

Advanced designs incorporate flame-retardant coatings and precision laser-trimmed elements for 0.01% tolerance.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Typical Range	Importance
Resistance Value	1 to 100M	Determines current/voltage control
Power Rating	1/8W to 50W	Defines maximum power dissipation
Tolerance	0.01% to 5%	Indicates resistance accuracy
Temperature Coefficient	5ppm/ C to 300ppm/ C	Measures stability over temperature
Voltage Rating	200V to 1000V	Prevents dielectric breakdown

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Power management in TVs, audio equipment
Industrial Control: Motor speed controllers, PLC systems
Telecommunications: Signal conditioning in base stations
Automotive: Engine control units, LED lighting systems
Medical Devices: Precision measurement in diagnostic equipment

Case Study: Metal film resistors in ECG machines provide 0.1% tolerance for accurate heart signal detection.

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Key Products
Vishay Precision Group	Y1485 series ( 0.005% tolerance wirewound)
Yageo Corporation	MF-RC series (metal film, 1/4W to 2W)
Panasonic Electronic Components	EVR series (ceramic composition, 250V rating)
Bourns Inc.	CR2800 series (fusible resistors)

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

Determine required power dissipation (select 2x calculated wattage)
Match tolerance to application needs (e.g., 0.1% for audio amplifiers)
Verify temperature coefficient for operating environment
Consider voltage ratings for high-voltage circuits
Check RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Example: Selecting a 10 , 10W wirewound resistor for a 24V DC motor driver circuit.

8. Industry Trends

Current development directions:

Miniaturization while maintaining power ratings (e.g., 5W resistors in 1210 package)
Advancements in laser trimming for sub-ppm level precision
Adoption of eco-friendly materials meeting REACH/SVHC standards
Integration with smart manufacturing systems for automated placement
Development of high-temperature resistant models (up to 300 C operating)

Market growth projections indicate a CAGR of 4.2% through 2030, driven by automotive electronics demand.