LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
5975311402F Dialight	LED GREEN DIFFUSED 2SMD	10964
5973006507F Dialight	LED RED 0603 SMD	3813
5977717502F Dialight	LED RGB DIFFUSED 0404 SMD	760
5988081107F Dialight	LED GREEN CLEAR 0603 SMD	2246
5972503502F Dialight	LED YLW/GRN CLEAR 0605 SMD R/A	0
5219250F Dialight	LED GREEN DIFFUSED T-1 3/4 T/H	2178
5219636F Dialight	LED RED DIFFUSED 3MM T/H	1719
5988291102F Dialight	LED BLUE CLEAR 1206 SMD	2152
5988240100F Dialight	LED YELLOW CLEAR 1206 SMD	0
5988170100F Dialight	LED GREEN CLEAR 0805 SMD	0
5219465F Dialight	LED GREEN CLEAR T-1 3/4 T/H	0
5972601607F Dialight	LED GREEN CLEAR 1208 SMD R/A	1021
5972001213F Dialight	LED RED CLEAR SMD R/A	9689
5988230107F Dialight	LED ORANGE CLEAR 1206 SMD	5177
5977707502F Dialight	LED GREEN/RED DIFFUSED 0404 SMD	0
5990260007F Dialight	LED YELLOW/GREEN 1206 SMD	3593
5973111507F Dialight	LED RED CLEAR 1208 SMD	14855
5972222407F Dialight	LED AMBER CLEAR 1208 SMD R/A	4348
5973211202F Dialight	LED ORANGE 2PLCC SMD	0
5973402502F Dialight	LED YELLOW CLEAR 1208 SMD	0

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials