LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
R50BG2-5-0080 Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED BLUE/GREEN CLEAR T/H	0
SM1206NPGC-IL Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED GREEN CLEAR 1206 SMD	17579
R50RGB-F-0160 Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RGB CLEAR T/H	529
SM0805HCL Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RED CLEAR 0805 SMD	3702
SM1204UYC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED YELLOW CLEAR 1204 R/A SMD	5118
SM0603YC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED YELLOW CLEAR 0603 SMD	0
SMTL4-SBC-RB Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED BLUE/RED CLEAR 4PLCC SMD	0
R50RGB-4-0045 Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RGB CLEAR T/H	0
SM0805YC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED YELLOW CLEAR 0805 SMD	0
SM1206URC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RED CLEAR 1206 SMD	0
SMTL4-SRGB Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RGB CLEAR 4PLCC SMD	4141
SM0805YCL Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED YELLOW CLEAR 0805 SMD	3244
1.8BWD Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED BLUE DIFFUSED 1.8MM T/H	0
SM1206UWC-IL Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED WHITE DIFFUSED 1206 SMD	0
SMTL6-GC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED GREEN CLEAR 6PLCC SMD	0
SM1210BC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED GREEN/RED CLEAR 1210 SMD	0
SM1206RC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RED CLEAR 1206 SMD	0
R20WHT-V-3045 Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED COOL WHITE CLEAR T/H	0
R50RED-F-0160 Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RED CLEAR T/H	10
SM0603SRC Califia Lighting (Bivar)	LED RED CLEAR 0603 SMD	0

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials