LED Indication - Discrete

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
VLMW41S1T2-MKNL-08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED COOL WHITE 2PLCC SMD	5450
TLHR4201 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED CLEAR 3MM T/H	260
VLMS30J2K2-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED CLEAR 2PLCC SMD	0
VLMK23P2S1-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED CLEAR SMD MINILED SMD	3291
TLUO2401 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED DIFFUSED 1.8MM T/H	3638
VLMW33U2AA-5K8L-08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED COOL WHITE 2PLCC SMD	4724
VLMG21K1L2-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD MINILED SMD	5559
VLMW11R2S2-5K8L-08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED COOL WHITE 0603 SMD	25139
VLMP20D2G1-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD MINILED SMD	5716
VLMG3105-GS18 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN CLEAR 2PLCC SMD	0
TLHY4201 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED YELLOW CLEAR 3MM T/H	4900
VLMG1300-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN 0603 SMD	8086
VLWR9931 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED CLEAR T/H	2084
VLMC3101-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN CLEAR 2PLCC SMD	27
VLMG21J2L1-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN CLEAR SMD MINILED SMD	5
TLHG4200 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED GREEN CLEAR 3MM T/H	3804
TLHY4405-MS12 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED YELLOW DIFFUSED T-1 T/H	7921
VLMY1300-GS08 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED YELLOW 0603 SMD	6000
TLHF4601 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED ORANGE DIFFUSED 3MM T/H	0
TLLR5400 Vishay / Semiconductor - Opto Division	LED RED DIFFUSED 5MM T/H	3416

LED Indication - Discrete

1. Overview

Discrete Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are single-chip optoelectronic devices that convert electrical energy into light through electroluminescence. This product category forms the foundation of modern indication systems, offering advantages including low power consumption, long lifespan, and high reliability. Their importance spans across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive systems, and communication infrastructure.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Visible LEDs	Emits light in visible spectrum (400-700nm), available in multiple colors	Indicator lamps, display backlighting, decorative lighting
Infrared LEDs	Emits 700nm-1mm wavelength radiation, invisible to human eye	Remote controls, security sensors, night vision systems
High-Brightness LEDs	Enhanced luminous intensity (>1000mcd) with advanced packaging	Automotive lighting, outdoor displays, emergency signage
UV LEDs	Ultraviolet spectrum emission (280-400nm)	Sterilization equipment, counterfeit detection, curing systems

3. Structure and Composition

Typical discrete LED construction includes:

Die: Semiconductor chip (GaN/InGaN for blue/green, AlGaInP for red)
Encapsulation: Epoxy or silicone lens for light extraction and protection
Lead Frame: Copper or iron alloy for electrical connection and heat dissipation
Phosphor Coating: Used in white LEDs for wavelength conversion
Reflective Cup: Optimizes light directionality

4. Key Technical Parameters

Parameter	Significance	Typical Range
Wavelength	Determines light color and application suitability	375nm-940nm
Luminous Intensity	Measures brightness output (mcd)	50-10,000mcd
Forward Current	Operating current rating	20-150mA
Forward Voltage	Electrical potential drop	1.8-3.6V
Viewing Angle	Light emission spread measurement	5 -120

5. Application Fields

Primary application sectors include:

Consumer Electronics: Mobile phone indicators, keyboard backlighting
Automotive: Dashboard indicators, brake light systems
Industrial: Machine status indicators, safety signage
Medical: Diagnostic equipment indicators, phototherapy devices
Telecommunications: Network equipment status lights

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Features
Cree Inc.	XLamp XP-G3	High brightness (3200mcd), 120 viewing angle
OSRAM Opto	OSTAR Projection	High-power LED for automotive lighting
Nichia Corp.	NSHU5991	UV LED (365nm) for curing applications
Everlight Electronics	LTST-C19HE8WT	Tri-color LED for RGB indication

7. Selection Recommendations

Key consideration factors:

Spectral Requirements: Match wavelength to application needs
Environmental Conditions: Temperature range (-40 C to +85 C typical)
Power Constraints: Select appropriate current/voltage ratings
Optical Design: Consider lens type and viewing angle
Reliability: Check MTTF (Mean Time to Failure) specifications

Industry Development Trends

Current technology directions include:

Miniaturization: Development of micro-LED ( LED) with dimensions <50 m
Efficiency Improvement: Targeting >300lm/W efficacy for visible LEDs
Smart Integration: Incorporating driver ICs and sensors in LED packages
Material Innovation: GaN-on-silicon substrates for cost reduction
Regulatory Compliance: RoHS/REACH compliant packaging materials