Display Modules - LCD, OLED, Graphic

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
104990243 Seeed	5 INCH HDMI DISPLAY WITH USB TOU	19
104990066 Seeed	RASPBERRY PI 10.1" LCD DISPLAY	18
104060028 Seeed	NEXTION ENHANCED NX3224K024 - GE	0
104990427 Seeed	4.2INCH E-INK RAW DISPLAY, THREE	0
104060029 Seeed	NEXTION ENHANCED NX8048K070 - GE	0
104990080 Seeed	2.0'' E-PAPER PANEL	0
104990010 Seeed	GRAPHIC LCD 128X64	0
114990834 Seeed	RASPBERRY PI HDMI LCD (5 INCH)	0
114990835 Seeed	RASPBERRY PI HDMI LCD (7 INCH)	0
104990015 Seeed	RASPBERRY PI 2.8" TFT DISPLAY	0
114990501 Seeed	I2C LCD W CONV GROVE CABLE	0
104990011 Seeed	320X240 GRAPHIC LCD W/ TOUCH	0
104990444 Seeed	10.1 INCH 1200X1920 HDMI IPS LCD	0
104990443 Seeed	7 INCH 720X1280 HDMI IPS LCD DIS	0
114990279 Seeed	I2C_LCD	0
104990054 Seeed	2.7'' E-PAPER PANEL	0
104990087 Seeed	7.0'' INTELLIGENT DISPLAY MODULE	0

Display Modules - LCD, OLED, Graphic

1. Overview

Optoelectronics display modules are electro-optical devices that convert digital signals into visual information. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), and Graphic modules represent three core technologies in modern display systems. These modules enable human-machine interaction in applications ranging from consumer electronics to industrial automation, with advancements driving thinner form factors, lower power consumption, and higher visual fidelity.

2. Major Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
LCD	Backlit liquid crystal layer, requires polarizers, moderate power consumption	Smartphones, TVs, automotive dashboards
OLED	Self-emissive organic materials, infinite contrast ratio, flexible variants	Smartwatches, VR headsets, premium smartphones
Graphic	Fixed pixel matrix for icons/symbols, low resolution but high reliability	Industrial equipment, medical devices, vending machines

3. Structure and Components

LCD: Composed of backlight unit (LED/CCFL), liquid crystal layer, color filters, and TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) array. Polarizing films on both sides control light transmission.

OLED: Contains anode/cathode layers with organic emissive materials (small molecules or polymers) sandwiched between. Utilizes encapsulation layers to prevent moisture damage.

Graphic Modules: Simplified structure with segmented electrodes and passive matrix addressing, often using monochrome STN (Super-Twisted Nematic) technology.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Resolution (ppi)	Pixels per inch determining image sharpness	Higher values provide clearer visuals
Luminance (cd/m )	Brightness level sustainability	Impacts outdoor visibility
Response Time (ms)	Pixel switching speed	Prevents motion blur in dynamic content
Operating Temperature ( C)	Functional temperature range	Determines environmental adaptability
Lifespan (hours)	Half-brightness duration	100,000 for LCD, 50,000 for OLED

5. Application Areas

Consumer Electronics: Smartphones (OLED), tablets (LCD)
Medical Equipment: Diagnostic monitors (LCD), portable devices (Graphic)
Automotive: Instrument clusters (OLED), infotainment systems (LCD)
Industrial HMI: Control panels (Graphic), automation systems (LCD)
AR/VR: High-speed OLED microdisplays

6. Leading Manufacturers & Products

Manufacturer	Type	Representative Product
Samsung Display	OLED	AMOLED for Galaxy smartphones
LG Display	LCD	IPS panels for Apple iPad Pro
Sharp	Graphic	LS013B7DH01 memory LCD
BOE Technology	All Types	10.7" flexible AMOLED for wearables

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors for optimal selection:

Application Scenario: Outdoor use requires high brightness ( 1000 cd/m )
Power Budget: OLED consumes 30% less power than equivalent LCD in dark content
Environmental Conditions: Industrial-grade (-30 C to +85 C) for automotive systems
Cost Constraints: Graphic modules cost 40-60% less than color TFT LCDs
Integration Complexity: OLED requires built-in compensation circuits for aging effects

Case Study: A smartwatch design selected 1.4" AMOLED module for its 1000:1 contrast ratio and 0.1mm ultra-thin profile despite higher cost.

8. Industry Trends

Key development directions include:

Micro-LED adoption for >3000 cd/m brightness and sub-10 m pixel pitch
Rollable OLED with improved encapsulation technology
AI-driven display compensation algorithms for uniformity enhancement
Low-temperature polycrystalline oxide (LTPO) backplanes for dynamic refresh rates
Biodegradable substrate materials for eco-friendly modules