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PMIC - Voltage Reference

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
TLVH431NAMQDBZRVL

TLVH431NAMQDBZRVL

Nexperia

TLVH431NAMQDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

10000
TL431AQDBZRVL

TL431AQDBZRVL

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 1% TO236AB

0
TL431CDBZR,215

TL431CDBZR,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 2% TO236AB

1530
TLVH431NQDBZRR

TLVH431NQDBZRR

Nexperia

TLVH431NQDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

3000
TL431BCDBZR,215

TL431BCDBZR,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% TO236AB

7515
TLVH431NMQDBZRVL

TLVH431NMQDBZRVL

Nexperia

TLVH431NMQDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

10000
TLVH431NAQDBZRVL

TLVH431NAQDBZRVL

Nexperia

TLVH431NAQDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

19965
TL431BMFDTVL

TL431BMFDTVL

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% TO236AB

0
TLVH431NACDBZRR

TLVH431NACDBZRR

Nexperia

TLVH431NACDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

3000
TL431BIDBZR,215

TL431BIDBZR,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% TO236AB

8951
TL431QDBZR,215

TL431QDBZR,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 2% TO236AB

23247
TLVH431NAIDBZRVL

TLVH431NAIDBZRVL

Nexperia

TLVH431NAIDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

10000
TL431BMFDT,215

TL431BMFDT,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% TO236AB

7196
TL431BMFDT/8VL

TL431BMFDT/8VL

Nexperia

TL431BMFDT/SOT23/TO-236AB

0
TLVH431NCDBZRVL

TLVH431NCDBZRVL

Nexperia

TLVH431NCDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

10000
TL431MFDT,215

TL431MFDT,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 2% TO236AB

4237
TL431AFDT,215

TL431AFDT,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 1% TO236AB

33890
TL431ACDBZR,215

TL431ACDBZR,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 1% TO236AB

244
TL431FDT,215

TL431FDT,215

Nexperia

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 2% TO236AB

5250
TLVH431NQDBZRVL

TLVH431NQDBZRVL

Nexperia

TLVH431NQDBZR/SOT23/TO-236AB

8000

PMIC - Voltage Reference

1. Overview

Voltage references are precision analog circuits that generate stable and accurate DC voltage levels. As critical components in Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs), they serve as calibration standards for analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), digital-to-analog converters (DACs), and power monitoring systems. Their stability against temperature variations, process shifts, and supply voltage fluctuations ensures measurement accuracy and system reliability in modern electronics.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional FeaturesApplication Examples
Bandgap ReferenceTemperature-compensated design using bipolar transistor characteristicsGeneral-purpose ADC/DAC calibration
Zener ReferenceHigh-voltage stability through reverse breakdown characteristicsIndustrial power supplies, test equipment
LDO Voltage ReferenceLow dropout voltage with high PSRR performanceBattery-powered devices, portable instruments
High-Precision ReferenceSub-0.1% initial accuracy with ppm-level temperature driftMedical imaging systems, precision sensors
Programmable ReferenceDigital control of output voltage via I2C/SPI interfacesAdaptive power systems, FPGA voltage scaling

3. Structure and Composition

Typical voltage reference architecture includes: - Primary reference source (bandgap or Zener diode) - Operational amplifier for voltage buffering - Temperature compensation circuitry - Output driver stage - Protective elements (ESD protection, current limiting) Fabricated using CMOS/BiCMOS processes, housed in SC70, SOT23, or TSSOP packages with 3-8 pins. Advanced designs integrate digital calibration registers and thermal shutdown functions.

4. Key Technical Specifications

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Initial AccuracyVoltage deviation at 25 C ( 0.02% to 1%)Determines system calibration baseline
Temperature CoefficientDrift rate over temperature range (1-100ppm/ C)Affects measurement stability
Output NoiseRMS noise voltage in 0.1-10Hz band (5 V to 100 V)Impacts ADC/DAC resolution
Load RegulationVoltage change with load current (0.01%/mA)Ensures stability under dynamic loads
Line RegulationVoltage change with supply voltage (0.05%/V)Maintains accuracy with supply variations

5. Application Areas

  • Communication: 5G base stations, optical transceivers, RF test equipment
  • Consumer: Smartphones, wearables, battery management systems
  • Industrial: Process control sensors, PLC modules, precision instrumentation
  • Automotive: Battery management systems (BMS), ADAS sensors, engine controllers
  • Medical: MRI systems, portable diagnostic devices, patient monitors

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerProduct SeriesKey Features
TILM4040/LM40500.1% accuracy, 50ppm/ C tempco, 50mA output
Analog DevicesADR45xx0.02% initial accuracy, 3ppm/ C drift
Maxim IntegratedMAX6126Series voltage reference with enable pin
STMicroelectronicsLN3480Low-power consumption (380nA IQ)
ON SemiconductorNCP100Cost-effective solution for 12-bit ADCs

7. Selection Guidelines

Key selection criteria: - Required accuracy class (0.02% vs 1%) - Operating temperature range (-55 C to +125 C) - Power supply constraints (voltage headroom, quiescent current) - Package size and thermal dissipation capability - Long-term stability requirements (aging effects) - Cost vs performance trade-offs (e.g., programmable vs fixed) Example: For a 16-bit industrial ADC system, select a reference with <5ppm/ C tempco and <1 Vpp noise.

8. Industry Trends

  • Nanometer process integration enabling sub-1V references
  • Development of chopper-stabilized references for ultra-low drift
  • Increase in digital programmable references with I2C interfaces
  • Advancements in radiation-hardened references for aerospace
  • Reduced package sizes (0.65mm x 1.0mm WLCSP)
  • AI-enhanced self-calibration algorithms in smart references
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