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PMIC - Voltage Reference

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
ZXRD060AFK-7

ZXRD060AFK-7

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 10-DFN2626P

5675
ZXRE4041DFTA

ZXRE4041DFTA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 1% SOT23

7816
ZXRE250ASA-7

ZXRE250ASA-7

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT ADJ SOT23

51
ZRC500F02TA

ZRC500F02TA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 2% SOT23

27
LM4040C25QFTA

LM4040C25QFTA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 0.5% SOT23

1120
AZ432ANTR-E1

AZ432ANTR-E1

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 18V 0.5% SOT23

0
TL432BSA-7

TL432BSA-7

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% SOT23-3

0
ZRT040GC1TA

ZRT040GC1TA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 1% SOT223

238
TL431AS-13

TL431AS-13

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 1% 8-SO

82500
ZRB500F02TA

ZRB500F02TA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 2% SOT23

148
ZRB500F03TA

ZRB500F03TA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 3% SOT23

791
AZ431LAZTR-E1

AZ431LAZTR-E1

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 18V 0.5% TO92

0
AP431QG-7

AP431QG-7

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 1% SOT25

12000
TLV431BQFTA

TLV431BQFTA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 18V 0.5% SOT23

0
AS431HMANTR-G1

AS431HMANTR-G1

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% SOT23

523
AZ431LANTR-G1

AZ431LANTR-G1

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 18V 0.5% SOT23

3095
AZ431LANTR-E1

AZ431LANTR-E1

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 18V 0.5% SOT23

530
ZTL432AFFTA

ZTL432AFFTA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 20V 1% SOT23F

113
AP431SHAN1TR-G1

AP431SHAN1TR-G1

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 36V 0.5% SOT23

2000
TLV431BH6TA

TLV431BH6TA

Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)

IC VREF SHUNT 18V 0.5% SC70-6

26461

PMIC - Voltage Reference

1. Overview

Voltage references are precision analog circuits that generate stable and accurate DC voltage levels. As critical components in Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMICs), they serve as calibration standards for analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), digital-to-analog converters (DACs), and power monitoring systems. Their stability against temperature variations, process shifts, and supply voltage fluctuations ensures measurement accuracy and system reliability in modern electronics.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional FeaturesApplication Examples
Bandgap ReferenceTemperature-compensated design using bipolar transistor characteristicsGeneral-purpose ADC/DAC calibration
Zener ReferenceHigh-voltage stability through reverse breakdown characteristicsIndustrial power supplies, test equipment
LDO Voltage ReferenceLow dropout voltage with high PSRR performanceBattery-powered devices, portable instruments
High-Precision ReferenceSub-0.1% initial accuracy with ppm-level temperature driftMedical imaging systems, precision sensors
Programmable ReferenceDigital control of output voltage via I2C/SPI interfacesAdaptive power systems, FPGA voltage scaling

3. Structure and Composition

Typical voltage reference architecture includes: - Primary reference source (bandgap or Zener diode) - Operational amplifier for voltage buffering - Temperature compensation circuitry - Output driver stage - Protective elements (ESD protection, current limiting) Fabricated using CMOS/BiCMOS processes, housed in SC70, SOT23, or TSSOP packages with 3-8 pins. Advanced designs integrate digital calibration registers and thermal shutdown functions.

4. Key Technical Specifications

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Initial AccuracyVoltage deviation at 25 C ( 0.02% to 1%)Determines system calibration baseline
Temperature CoefficientDrift rate over temperature range (1-100ppm/ C)Affects measurement stability
Output NoiseRMS noise voltage in 0.1-10Hz band (5 V to 100 V)Impacts ADC/DAC resolution
Load RegulationVoltage change with load current (0.01%/mA)Ensures stability under dynamic loads
Line RegulationVoltage change with supply voltage (0.05%/V)Maintains accuracy with supply variations

5. Application Areas

  • Communication: 5G base stations, optical transceivers, RF test equipment
  • Consumer: Smartphones, wearables, battery management systems
  • Industrial: Process control sensors, PLC modules, precision instrumentation
  • Automotive: Battery management systems (BMS), ADAS sensors, engine controllers
  • Medical: MRI systems, portable diagnostic devices, patient monitors

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerProduct SeriesKey Features
TILM4040/LM40500.1% accuracy, 50ppm/ C tempco, 50mA output
Analog DevicesADR45xx0.02% initial accuracy, 3ppm/ C drift
Maxim IntegratedMAX6126Series voltage reference with enable pin
STMicroelectronicsLN3480Low-power consumption (380nA IQ)
ON SemiconductorNCP100Cost-effective solution for 12-bit ADCs

7. Selection Guidelines

Key selection criteria: - Required accuracy class (0.02% vs 1%) - Operating temperature range (-55 C to +125 C) - Power supply constraints (voltage headroom, quiescent current) - Package size and thermal dissipation capability - Long-term stability requirements (aging effects) - Cost vs performance trade-offs (e.g., programmable vs fixed) Example: For a 16-bit industrial ADC system, select a reference with <5ppm/ C tempco and <1 Vpp noise.

8. Industry Trends

  • Nanometer process integration enabling sub-1V references
  • Development of chopper-stabilized references for ultra-low drift
  • Increase in digital programmable references with I2C interfaces
  • Advancements in radiation-hardened references for aerospace
  • Reduced package sizes (0.65mm x 1.0mm WLCSP)
  • AI-enhanced self-calibration algorithms in smart references
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