Logic - Translators, Level Shifters

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
74LVC4245APW-Q100J Nexperia	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 24TSSOP	3266
SN65EPT23D Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 8SOIC	321
MAX13032EEBE+T Analog Devices, Inc.	6-CH LOGIC-LEVEL TRANSLATOR	5000
MAX3373EEBL+T Maxim Integrated	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 9UCSP	428515000
TCA9801DGKR Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 8VSSOP	2294
MAX3379EETD+ Maxim Integrated	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 14TDFM	0
MC10ELT21DTR2G	PECL TO TTL TRANSLATOR	2554
100398QC	TTL TO ECL TRANSCEIVER	558
74AVC4TD245BQ,115 Nexperia	IC TRNSLTR BIDIR 16DHVQFN	6842
TXS0102QDCURQ1 Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL US8	0
SN74LVC16T245DGVR Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 48TVSOP	9377
PI4ULS3V304AQ1ZMAEX Zetex Semiconductors (Diodes Inc.)	INTERFACE ULS U-QFN1720-12 T&R 3	30009000
NB100ELT23LDR2G	PECL TO TTL TRANSLATOR, 2 FUNC,	2450
GTL2010PW,118 NXP Semiconductors	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 24TSSOP	13133
MAX3378EETD+ Maxim Integrated	A+/-15KV ESD-PROTECTED, 1AUA, 16	1500
MC100EPT20DTR2G	TTL/CMOS TO PECL TRANSLATOR, COM	1972
PCA9306DQER Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL 8X2SON	56474
MC100EPT23DTG Sanyo Semiconductor/ON Semiconductor	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 8TSSOP	127317300
SN74LVC1T45DCKR Texas Instruments	IC TRNSLTR BIDIRECTIONAL SC70-6	480790
MC10H125PG Sanyo Semiconductor/ON Semiconductor	IC TRNSLTR UNIDIRECTIONAL 16DIP	921300

Logic - Translators, Level Shifters

1. Overview

Logic translators and level shifters are semiconductor devices that enable signal compatibility between circuits operating at different voltage levels. These ICs ensure reliable data transmission by converting logic signals from one voltage domain to another, maintaining signal integrity in mixed-voltage systems. Their importance has grown with the proliferation of low-voltage CMOS technologies and multi-rail power architectures in modern electronics.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Single-direction translators	Unidirectional voltage conversion with isolation	SPI interface between 3.3V FPGA and 1.8V sensors
Bi-directional translators	Automatic direction detection, dual-voltage I/O	I2C bus bridging between 5V microcontroller and 2.5V EEPROM
Multi-channel level shifters	Parallel conversion of multiple signals (4-32 channels)	Memory interface between SoC and DDR4 SDRAM modules
Direction-controlled translators	External control pin for signal direction selection	UART level conversion in industrial communication modules

3. Structure and Composition

Typical devices feature a monolithic CMOS structure with dual power supply inputs (VCCA and VCCB). Physical components include:

Dual-supply MOSFET pairs for voltage translation
Integrated clamp circuits for ESD protection
Direction control logic (for bidirectional types)
Channel-specific enable/disable circuitry

Common package types: TSSOP (14-48 pins), QFN (20-64 pins), WLCSP (1.5 1.5mm ultra-compact).

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Significance
Voltage range (1.2V-5.5V)	Determines compatibility with different logic families
Conversion rate (100Mbps-1.2Gbps)	Limits maximum operating frequency
Channel count (1-32)	Impacts system integration density
Propagation delay (2-20ns)	Affects timing critical applications
Quiescent current (1-100 A)	Power efficiency in battery-powered systems

5. Application Areas

Key industries include:

Telecommunications: 5G baseband processors interfacing with RF front-ends
Industrial automation: PLC modules connecting 24V sensors to 3.3V MCUs
Consumer electronics: Smartphone PMIC to application processor communication
Automotive systems: CAN-FD transceiver voltage adaptation
IoT devices: Sensor hub interfacing between different voltage rail components

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI (Texas Instruments)	TXB0108	8-channel, 1.2-3.6V to 1.65-5.5V translation, auto-direction detection
NXP Semiconductors	LTC2850	3.3/5V dual supply, 15kV ESD protection, RS485/UART interface
ON Semiconductor	NXU408	4-channel, 0.9-5.5V range, sub-1ns propagation delay
STMicroelectronics	L6470	Stepper motor driver with integrated level shifting for industrial automation

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

Match supply voltage ranges with source/target systems
Ensure conversion rate meets timing requirements
Choose appropriate channel density to minimize PCB area
For bidirectional buses, select devices with automatic direction sensing
Consider thermal performance for high-current applications
Evaluate ESD protection levels for industrial environments

8. Industry Trends

Development directions include:

Voltage scaling down to 0.8V core operation
Integration with signal conditioning functions
Increased adoption of capacitive isolation technology
Advanced packaging (3D TSV, fan-out WLP)
Protocol-aware smart translation (I3C, PCIe 6.0)