Linear - Comparators

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
LM319AM/NOPB Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR DUAL HI SPD 14SOIC	1911
TLV9022DR Texas Instruments	DUAL PRECISION COMPARATOR WITH O	2331
TLV3404CDR Texas Instruments	TLV3404 QUAD NANOPOWER HIGH-VOLT	73
TLV1393IP Texas Instruments	COMPARATOR, 2 FUNC, 9000UV OFFSE	17883
LMV339IRUCR Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR GP LV QUAD 14QFN	1442
LM2903BIPWR Texas Instruments	DUAL INDUSTRIAL GRADE STANDARD C	231510000
LMC6772BIMX/NOPB Texas Instruments	IC COMPAR DUAL MICPWR CMOS 8SOIC	0
TLC3704IPWR Texas Instruments	IC MICROPWR COMP QUAD 14-TSSOP	1566
LM211PWR Texas Instruments	IC DIFF COMPARATOR W/STRB 8-TSSO	0
TLV1391IDBVR Texas Instruments	IC DIFF COMPARATOR SNGL SOT23-5	965
LMH7220MK/NOPB Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR HS LVDS TSOT23-6	3466
TLC393IPWR Texas Instruments	IC VOLT COMPARATOR DUAL 8-TSSOP	3984
TLV2354IDR Texas Instruments	IC DIFF COMPARATOR QUAD 14-SOIC	0
TLV3401IP Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR SGL OD OUT 8-DIP	179
LM339AMX Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR QUAD LO PWR 14SOIC	2870
LMH7324SQX/NOPB Texas Instruments	COMPARATOR	0
LMC7211AIM5 Texas Instruments	IC COMPAR TINY R-R CMOS SOT23-5	3140
LM239AQDRQ1 Texas Instruments	LM239A-Q1 AUTOMOTIVE PRECISION Q	2500
TLV3491AIDG4 Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR P-P NANOPWR 8-SOIC	0
TLV3702CD Texas Instruments	IC COMP DUAL P-P NANOPWR 8SOIC	225

Linear - Comparators

1. Overview

Linear comparators are analog integrated circuits designed to compare two voltage signals and output a digital signal indicating which voltage is higher. They serve as fundamental components in electronic systems, enabling decision-making processes in applications ranging from voltage level detection to waveform shaping. Their importance spans industries such as industrial automation, consumer electronics, automotive systems, and medical devices, where precise signal comparison is critical.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
General-Purpose Comparators	Basic voltage comparison with moderate speed and accuracy	Simple threshold detection in appliances
Precision Comparators	Low offset voltage and high accuracy	Instrumentation and measurement equipment
High-Speed Comparators	Sub-nanosecond response times	RF signal processing and oscilloscopes
Low-Power Comparators	Ultra-low quiescent current	Battery-powered IoT devices
Window Comparators	Detect if input voltage falls within a defined range	Power supply monitoring systems

3. Structure and Composition

A linear comparator typically consists of:

Differential Amplifier Stage: Amplifies the voltage difference between inputs
Reference Voltage Circuit: Provides stable threshold voltages
Output Stage: Generates rail-to-rail digital output (e.g., CMOS, TTL-compatible)
Protection Circuits: ESD protection and overvoltage tolerance

Common package types include SOIC, SOT-23, and TSSOP. Advanced designs integrate hysteresis circuits or voltage references.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Input Offset Voltage	Maximum voltage difference required to switch output	Determines comparison accuracy
Propagation Delay	Time between input change and output response	Critical for high-speed applications
Supply Voltage Range	Operating voltage range (e.g., 2.7V-36V)	Dictates system power design
Power Consumption	Quiescent current under active/idle conditions	Battery life optimization
Hysteresis	Voltage margin to prevent oscillation near thresholds	Improves noise immunity

5. Application Areas

Industrial: PLC input modules, motor control systems
Consumer: Smartphone battery level indicators
Automotive: Battery management in EVs, sensor signal conditioning
Medical: ECG signal analysis equipment
Telecommunications: Optical receiver signal detection

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI (Texas Instruments)	LM393	Dual comparator, 2.0V-36V supply, 1.3 A quiescent current
STMicroelectronics	TLV3201	1.8V supply, 40ns propagation delay
Analog Devices	AD8561	Single-supply, 7ns response time
ON Semiconductor	NCS2250	Zero-drift architecture, 10 V offset

7. Selection Guidelines

Speed Requirements: Match propagation delay to system clock rates
Accuracy Needs: Select offset voltage <1mV for precision sensing
Power Constraints: Choose nano-power variants for portable devices
Environmental Factors: Consider temperature-rated parts (-40 C to +125 C)
Integration Level: Opt for devices with built-in references/hysteresis

8. Industry Trends

Miniaturization: WLCSP packages enabling wearable device integration
Energy Efficiency: Sub-1 A quiescent current devices for always-on systems
Higher Integration: Comparators with ADC interfaces and digital calibration
Broadband Operation: GHz-range comparators for 5G infrastructure
Smart Sensing: Embedded AI for adaptive threshold control