Linear - Comparators

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
LM239N Texas Instruments	IC QUAD DIFF COMPARATOR 14-DIP	957
TLC372CD Texas Instruments	IC DUAL DIFF COMP 8-SOIC	1504
TL3116IPWR Texas Instruments	TL3116 HIGH SPEED DIFFERENTIAL C	9832
TLV3402ID Texas Instruments	IC DUAL NANOPWR COMP 8-SOIC	300
LMC7221AIM5X/NOPB Texas Instruments	IC COMPAR TNY CMOS RR IN SOT23-5	4039
LM339MX Texas Instruments	IC COMPARATOR QUAD LO PWR 14SOIC	2783
5962-9688201QCA Texas Instruments	TLV2354M LINCMOS QUAD LOW-VOLTAG	342
LMH7220MKX/NOPB Texas Instruments	COMPARATOR	46686
LM339NSRG4 Texas Instruments	IC QUAD DIFF COMPARATOR 14SO	0
LP339D Texas Instruments	IC DIFF COMPARATOR QUAD 14-SOIC	925
LM293AD Texas Instruments	IC DIFF COMPARATOR DUAL 8-SOIC	30369975
TLV7041QDCKRQ1 Texas Instruments	AUTOMOTIVE NANO POWER COMPARATOR	2950
LM239PWRG4 Texas Instruments	IC QUAD DIFF COMPARATOR 14-TSSOP	0
TPS3710QDSERQ1 Texas Instruments	TPS3710-Q1 WIDE VIN VOLTAGE DETE	32410
LM393AD Texas Instruments	IC DUAL DIFF COMPARATOR 8-SOIC	0
TLV7031DPWR Texas Instruments	VOLTAGE COMPARATOR	0
LM339ADRG4 Texas Instruments	IC QUAD DIFF COMPARATOR 14-SOIC	2119
LMV7239M5/NOPB Texas Instruments	IC COMP PUSH-PULL R-R SOT-23-5	26298
LM339DG4 Texas Instruments	IC QUAD DIFF COMPARATOR 14-SOIC	2342
LP211D Texas Instruments	IC DIFF COMPARATOR 8-SOIC	636

Linear - Comparators

1. Overview

Linear comparators are analog integrated circuits designed to compare two voltage signals and output a digital signal indicating which voltage is higher. They serve as fundamental components in electronic systems, enabling decision-making processes in applications ranging from voltage level detection to waveform shaping. Their importance spans industries such as industrial automation, consumer electronics, automotive systems, and medical devices, where precise signal comparison is critical.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
General-Purpose Comparators	Basic voltage comparison with moderate speed and accuracy	Simple threshold detection in appliances
Precision Comparators	Low offset voltage and high accuracy	Instrumentation and measurement equipment
High-Speed Comparators	Sub-nanosecond response times	RF signal processing and oscilloscopes
Low-Power Comparators	Ultra-low quiescent current	Battery-powered IoT devices
Window Comparators	Detect if input voltage falls within a defined range	Power supply monitoring systems

3. Structure and Composition

A linear comparator typically consists of:

Differential Amplifier Stage: Amplifies the voltage difference between inputs
Reference Voltage Circuit: Provides stable threshold voltages
Output Stage: Generates rail-to-rail digital output (e.g., CMOS, TTL-compatible)
Protection Circuits: ESD protection and overvoltage tolerance

Common package types include SOIC, SOT-23, and TSSOP. Advanced designs integrate hysteresis circuits or voltage references.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Input Offset Voltage	Maximum voltage difference required to switch output	Determines comparison accuracy
Propagation Delay	Time between input change and output response	Critical for high-speed applications
Supply Voltage Range	Operating voltage range (e.g., 2.7V-36V)	Dictates system power design
Power Consumption	Quiescent current under active/idle conditions	Battery life optimization
Hysteresis	Voltage margin to prevent oscillation near thresholds	Improves noise immunity

5. Application Areas

Industrial: PLC input modules, motor control systems
Consumer: Smartphone battery level indicators
Automotive: Battery management in EVs, sensor signal conditioning
Medical: ECG signal analysis equipment
Telecommunications: Optical receiver signal detection

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI (Texas Instruments)	LM393	Dual comparator, 2.0V-36V supply, 1.3 A quiescent current
STMicroelectronics	TLV3201	1.8V supply, 40ns propagation delay
Analog Devices	AD8561	Single-supply, 7ns response time
ON Semiconductor	NCS2250	Zero-drift architecture, 10 V offset

7. Selection Guidelines

Speed Requirements: Match propagation delay to system clock rates
Accuracy Needs: Select offset voltage <1mV for precision sensing
Power Constraints: Choose nano-power variants for portable devices
Environmental Factors: Consider temperature-rated parts (-40 C to +125 C)
Integration Level: Opt for devices with built-in references/hysteresis

8. Industry Trends

Miniaturization: WLCSP packages enabling wearable device integration
Energy Efficiency: Sub-1 A quiescent current devices for always-on systems
Higher Integration: Comparators with ADC interfaces and digital calibration
Broadband Operation: GHz-range comparators for 5G infrastructure
Smart Sensing: Embedded AI for adaptive threshold control