Interface - UARTs (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter)

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
TL16C550CIFNG4 Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 44-PLCC	0
TL16C552AFNR Texas Instruments	IC DUAL ASYNCH COMM 68-PLCC	349
TL16C554APN Texas Instruments	IC QUAD UART W/FIFO 80-LQFP	2028
TL16C550DIPTR Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 48-LQFP	446
TL16C752CIPFBR Texas Instruments	IC DUAL UART W/64B FIFO 48TQFP	0
TL16C2552IFN Texas Instruments	IC DUAL UART 16BYTE FIFO 44-PLCC	0
TL16C754APN Texas Instruments	QUAD-UART WITH 64-BYTE FIFO	446
TL16CFM405PH Texas Instruments	STD CELL WIRED COMM.	5682
TL16CRK600APJM Texas Instruments	STD CELL WIRED COMM.	39501
TL16CRK514APJM Texas Instruments	STD CELL WIRED COMM.	5726
TL16C554AIPNRG4 Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 80-LQFP	0
TL16C552AIFNG4 Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 68-PLCC	0
PC16552DV/NOPB Texas Instruments	IC UART DUAL WITH FIFO 44-PLCC	0
TL16C450N Texas Instruments	IC ASYNCH COMM ELEMENT 40-DIP	0
TL16C554APNRG4 Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 80-LQFP	0
TL16C450FNG4 Texas Instruments	IC ASYNC COMM ELEMENT 44-PLCC	0
TL16C752BPTG4 Texas Instruments	IC DUAL UART 3.3V W/FIFO 48-LQFP	0
TL16C754BPNRG4 Texas Instruments	IC QUAD UART 64BYTE FIFO 80-LQFP	0
TL16C2752FNR Texas Instruments	IC DUAL UART 64BYTE FIFO 44-PLCC	0
TL16C752BPTR Texas Instruments	IC DUAL UART 3.3V W/FIFO 48-LQFP	0

Interface - UARTs (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter)

1. Overview

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) is a digital integrated circuit that converts parallel data to serial format for transmission and vice versa. It implements asynchronous serial communication protocols using start/stop bits without shared clock signals. UARTs play critical roles in device-to-device communication across industrial automation, consumer electronics, IoT devices, and automotive systems due to their simplicity, reliability, and cost-effectiveness.

2. Major Types & Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
Standard UART	Basic async serial conversion, 8N1 format support	PC serial ports, sensor interfaces
Multi-channel UART	Supports multiple independent serial channels	Industrial controllers, server management
High-speed UART	Operates at >1Mbps baud rates	Wireless modems, industrial Ethernet gateways
FIFO UART	Integrated transmit/receive buffers (16-256 bytes)	Embedded systems, IoT hubs
IrDA UART	Infrared data association protocol support	Wireless payment terminals, remote controls

3. Structure & Composition

Typical UART architecture includes:

Transmitter section with parallel-to-serial converter
Receiver section with serial-to-parallel converter
Programmable baud rate generator
Control logic for data format configuration
Optional FIFO buffers and flow control (RTS/CTS)

Available in standard packages (DIP, SOIC) and QFN formats. High integration level devices may include GPIOs and clock generators.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Importance
Baud Rate Range (110-921.6kbps)	Determines communication speed compatibility
Data Bits (5-8 bits)	Affects payload capacity
Stop Bits (1-2 bits)	Impacts timing tolerance
Parity Check (Even/Odd/None)	Error detection capability
Operating Voltage (1.8-5V)	System power supply compatibility
Package Type	PCB space and thermal requirements

5. Application Fields

Telecommunications: Modems, ISDN terminals
Industrial Automation: PLCs, SCADA systems
Consumer Electronics: Smart meters, wearable devices
Medical Devices: Patient monitors, diagnostic equipment
Automotive: OBD-II interfaces, telematics units

6. Leading Manufacturers & Products

Manufacturer	Representative Product	Key Features
TI	TL16C750B	16-byte FIFO, 1.5Mbps, industrial temp range
NXP	SC16IS752	I2C/SPI interface, 2-channel, 5Mbps
Microchip	MCP2200	USB-to-UART bridge, on-chip EEPROM
STMicro	ST16C550	256-byte FIFO, 5V tolerant I/O
Infineon	KINetis UART	Automotive qualified, LIN bus support

7. Selection Recommendations

Consider these factors when selecting UART ICs:

Match baud rate requirements with system clock capabilities
Verify data format compatibility (bits/parity/stop)
Assess interface voltage levels (3.3V vs 5V)
Evaluate operating temperature range for industrial/environmental applications
Consider package size constraints (QFN vs TSSOP)
Check FIFO depth requirements for high-speed applications
Analyze need for additional features (IrDA, LIN, GPIO)
Compare power consumption specifications for battery-operated devices

8. Industry Trends

Future development directions include:

Increased integration with wireless interfaces (Bluetooth/Wi-Fi)
Higher speed capabilities (>10Mbps) for industrial IoT
Lower power consumption through advanced CMOS processes
Enhanced protocol support (CANbus, Ethernet integration)
Smart UARTs with built-in security features (AES encryption)
Standardization of UART-over-USB solutions

Market growth driven by automotive electronics and industrial automation demands, with projected CAGR of 6.2% through 2027 (Source: Grand View Research).