1. Overview

USB (Universal Serial Bus), DVI (Digital Visual Interface), and HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) connectors-adapters are critical components in modern electronic systems. These interfaces facilitate data transfer, audio/video transmission, and device interconnectivity across consumer electronics, industrial equipment, and professional AV systems. Their standardized designs ensure compatibility, hot-swappable functionality, and high-speed performance, making them indispensable in computing, entertainment, and communication ecosystems.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

3. Structure and Components

Typical connector structures include:

• USB: Plastic housing, metal contacts (phosphor bronze), USB 2.0 (4 pins) or USB 3.x (9 pins), shielded twisted pair cabling
• DVI: 24+1/29-pin configuration (digital/analog hybrid), ferrite core shielding, differential signaling pairs
• HDMI: 19-pin TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signaling) channels, Ethernet channel (HDMI 1.4+), gold-plated contacts

4. Key Technical Specifications

5. Application Fields

• Consumer Electronics: Smartphones, VR headsets, 4K TVs
• Industrial: Medical imaging equipment, industrial cameras
• Commercial AV: Digital signage, conference room systems
• Gaming: High-refresh-rate monitors, consoles

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

1. Application scenario (e.g., USB-C for reversible connectivity)
2. Bandwidth requirements (HDMI 2.1 for 8K video)
3. Environmental factors (sealed connectors for industrial use)
4. Certification compliance (USB-IF, HDMI Forum)

8. Industry Trends

Key trends include:

• Transition to USB-C as universal charging standard
• Adoption of HDMI 2.1a for dynamic HDR and 10K support
• Development of optical interconnects for >100Gbps throughput
• Miniaturization for mobile/wearable applications
• Increased integration with Ethernet and power delivery