Screw connectors are electrical terminals that use screws to clamp and secure conductors, enabling reliable electrical connections. As fundamental components in circuit systems, they ensure stable signal and power transmission. Their importance in modern technology spans industries requiring secure, maintainable connections, including industrial automation, energy systems, and consumer electronics.
| Type | Functional Features | Application Examples |
|---|---|---|
| PCB Terminal Blocks | Direct soldering to printed circuit boards, screw-based wire retention | Control panels, industrial sensors |
| Panel-Mount Terminals | Chassis or panel installation with screw clamping | Power distribution cabinets, HVAC systems |
| Cage Clamp Terminals | Spring-loaded cage mechanism for quick wire insertion | High-vibration environments like rail transport |
| DIN Rail Connectors | Standardized mounting on DIN rails for modular systems | Factory automation control cabinets |
Typical screw connectors consist of: - Conductive Elements: Brass or phosphor bronze contacts with gold/silver plating for low resistance - Insulation Housing: Thermoplastic materials (e.g., PA66, PBT) with UL94 V-0 flammability rating - Screw System: Stainless steel or nickel-plated screws with torque-limiting design - Wire Stop: Mechanical barrier ensuring proper conductor alignment
| Parameter | Importance |
|---|---|
| Rated Current (10-300A) | Determines power transmission capacity |
| Rated Voltage (50-1000V) | Defines insulation and safety limits |
| Contact Resistance (<10m ) | Impacts connection efficiency and heating |
| Insulation Resistance (>100M ) | Ensures electrical isolation integrity |
| Withstand Voltage (2500V/1min) | Safety compliance under overvoltage conditions |
| Operating Temperature (-60 C to +150 C) | Material stability in extreme environments |
| Manufacturer | Representative Product | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| Phoenix Contact | PT 3.5 | Modular design, vibration-resistant |
| Weidm ller | SAM series | Space-saving, 130mm capacity |
| TE Connectivity | MicroSpeed | High-density PCB terminals |
| WAGO | 280 Series | Cage-clamp technology, tool-free |
Key considerations:
Emerging developments include: miniaturization for IoT devices, smart connectors with integrated sensors, graphene-enhanced contacts for higher conductivity, and automated screwdriver systems for mass production. Environmental regulations are driving halogen-free insulation materials, while Industry 4.0 demands connectors with embedded diagnostics capabilities.