Terminals - Rectangular Connectors

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1494420000

1494420000

Weidmuller

WIRE LUG

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Terminals - Rectangular Connectors

1. Overview

Rectangular connectors are multi-pin electrical connectors with a rectangular housing, designed to transmit power, signals, or both. They feature a modular structure with standardized dimensions, enabling interoperability across systems. These connectors are critical in modern electronics for their reliability in harsh environments, scalability, and ease of maintenance. They serve as fundamental components in industrial automation, telecommunications, and transportation systems.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional FeaturesApplication Examples
D-SubminiatureMetal shell with staggered pin arrangement, EMI shieldingComputer serial ports, industrial control systems
RJ Series (RJ45/RJ11)Plastic housing with latch mechanism, 8/6 contactsNetwork routers, telecommunication equipment
USB Type-A/BReversible plug design, hot-swappableConsumer electronics, peripheral devices
PCIeHigh-speed differential pairs, low insertion lossComputer motherboards, SSDs
Automotive HVCHigh-voltage capability, liquid cooling compatibilityElectric vehicle battery systems

3. Structure and Components

A typical rectangular connector consists of: - Contact Pins: Phosphor bronze or beryllium copper with gold/plating for conductivity - Insulation Housing: Thermoplastic (e.g., PBT, LCP) with UL94 V-0 flammability rating - Shielding: Metal cans or conductive coatings for EMI protection - Latching Mechanism: Plastic/steel levers ensuring secure mating - Polarization Key: Prevents mismating through geometric features

4. Key Technical Parameters

ParameterSignificanceTypical Range
Current RatingDetermines power transmission capacity0.5A - 30A/contact
Contact ResistanceImpacts signal integrity5-20m
Dielectric Withstanding VoltageSafety insulation level500V - 5000V
Mating Cycle LifeDefines durability500 - 10,000 cycles
Operating TemperatureEnvironmental tolerance-55 C to +125 C
Insertion ForceAffects usability0.5N - 20N/contact

5. Application Fields

  • Telecommunications: 5G base stations (25Gbps optical modules), data center switches
  • Industrial: PLC control cabinets, CNC machine interfaces
  • Automotive: EV charging ports (CCS1/CCS2 standards), ADAS sensors
  • Aerospace: Avionics ARINC 600 connectors
  • Medical: MRI machine signal transmission modules

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerKey ProductsTechnical Highlights
TE ConnectivityDEUTSCH DT seriesIP69K sealing, 2000V dielectric strength
AmphenolMIL-DTL-38999 Series IIISpace-rated, 10Gbps data transmission
MolexPicoBlade 0.8mm0.2A rating for IoT wearable devices
DelphiSCS1000 automotive800V/500A for EV fast charging
JAE ElectronicsDF59 series0.3mm pitch, 1.25Gbps RF capability

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations include: - Current/voltage requirements with 20% safety margin - Environmental factors (temperature, vibration, chemical exposure) - Mating cycle requirements (e.g., test equipment needs >5000 cycles) - Signal integrity (impedance matching for >1Gbps applications) - Compliance with industry standards (USB-IF, IEEE 802.3)

Example: Selecting an automotive HVC connector requires verifying ISO 6469 compliance for EV battery systems, with contact resistance <10m and IP67 sealing.

8. Industry Trends

  • Miniaturization: 0.4mm pitch connectors for smartphones (e.g., Molex SLIMSTACK)
  • High-Speed Data: 112Gbps PAM4 support in QSFP-DD800 modules
  • Sustainability: Halogen-free materials adoption (IEC 62576 compliant)
  • Smart Connectivity: Integrated sensors for condition monitoring in industrial IoT
  • Customization: 3D-printed connectors for rapid prototyping
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