D-Sub (D-Subminiature) connectors are D-shaped metallic shell electrical connectors widely used in computing, industrial equipment, and communication systems. They feature polarized designs to prevent misalignment and provide stable signal transmission. Jackscrews are threaded fastening components used to secure D-Sub connectors to mating interfaces, ensuring mechanical stability and electrical continuity. These components remain critical in legacy systems and specialized applications despite the rise of modern alternatives like USB and HDMI.
| Type | Functional Features | Application Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Standard D-Sub | 9-104 contacts, 5:2 shell ratio, screw locking | RS-232 serial ports, industrial controls |
| High-Density D-Sub | Double-row contacts, 37-104 pins | High-speed data acquisition systems |
| Micro D-Sub | Miniaturized design (13-52 contacts) | Aerospace sensors, medical imaging |
| Threaded Jackscrews | 6-48 UNC threads, captive or free-floating | Secure panel mounting in vibration environments |
| Quick-Lock Jackscrews | Non-threaded latching mechanisms | Rapid maintenance scenarios in broadcast equipment |
D-Sub connectors consist of a conductive metal shell (aluminum or steel), multiple signal contacts (phosphor bronze with gold plating), and dielectric insulators (thermoplastic or ceramic). Jackscrews integrate threaded shafts (stainless steel or brass), washer systems, and mounting flanges. Connector shells often feature EMI shielding coatings, while jackscrews may include knurled grips for manual tightening.
| Parameter | Importance |
|---|---|
| Contact Current Rating (1-13A) | Determines power handling capability |
| Voltage Withstand (100-1000V) | Ensures insulation reliability |
| Contact Resistance (<10m ) | Impacts signal integrity |
| Temperature Range (-55 C to +125 C) | Defines operational environment limits |
| Jackscrew Torque (3-15 in-lb) | Prevents over-tightening damage |
| Material Corrosion Resistance | Extends service life in harsh conditions |
Primary industries include industrial automation (programmable logic controllers), avionics (flight control panels), medical equipment (diagnostic imaging machines), and broadcast systems (video routers). Legacy computer systems (CNC machines) and military communications equipment remain significant deployment areas.
| Manufacturer | Representative Products |
|---|---|
| TE Connectivity | DEUTSCH D-Sub series, ARINC 404 jackscrews |
| Amphenol | 97 Series high-vibration connectors, captive jackscrew kits |
| Molex | MicroChange D-Sub connectors, quick-lock assemblies |
| Samtec | High-speed D-Sub solutions, gold-plated jackscrews |
Key considerations: contact density requirements, environmental conditions (temperature/vibration), EMI shielding needs, and compliance with standards (MIL-DTL-24308, IEC 60087). For high-vibration environments, specify jackscrews with anti-backout features. Aerospace applications require lightweight composite shells, while industrial settings prioritize corrosion-resistant platings.
Current developments focus on hybrid connectors integrating D-Sub with fiber optics, nanocoatings for extreme environments, and miniaturized designs maintaining backward compatibility. The market is shifting toward high-speed differential signaling capabilities (up to 10Gbps) while maintaining legacy form factors for equipment retrofits.