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TVS - Varistors, MOVs

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
B72205S0381K311

B72205S0381K311

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 620V 400A DISC 5MM

945
B72520E1200K062

B72520E1200K062

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 33V 200A 1206

0
B72260B0421K001

B72260B0421K001

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 680V 70KA ENCASED DISC

1
B72530T0200K062

B72530T0200K062

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 33V 400A 1210

8065
B72210S0351K101

B72210S0351K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR DISC 10MM

2113
B72240L0271K100

B72240L0271K100

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 430V 40KA SQUARE 37.5MM

230
B72240L0381K102

B72240L0381K102

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 385VRMS 40MM W/STR TABS

0
B72240B0321K001

B72240B0321K001

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 510V 40KA ENCASED DISC

29
B72214Q0621K101

B72214Q0621K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 1KV 6KA DISC 14MM

0
B72214S2141K101

B72214S2141K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 220V 6KA DISC 14MM

930
B72210S2681K101

B72210S2681K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 1.1KV 3.5KA DISC 10MM

2828
B72590P8200S060

B72590P8200S060

TDK EPCOS

EIA0402, AUTOETHERNET 100BASE-T1

9741
B72214P2251K103

B72214P2251K103

TDK EPCOS

14MM, 250VAC, 10%, ADVANCED MP C

18
B72214P2231K103

B72214P2231K103

TDK EPCOS

14MM, 230VAC, 10%, ADVANCED MP C

2895
B72210S2151K101

B72210S2151K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 240V 3.5KA DISC 10MM

1703
B72214T2301K101

B72214T2301K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 470V 6KA 3SIP

0
B72214S0151K101

B72214S0151K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 240V 4.5KA DISC 14MM

25150
B72210S2461K101

B72210S2461K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 750V 3.5KA DISC 10MM

60
B72214S2621K101

B72214S2621K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 1KV 5KA DISC 14MM

3542
B72214T2251K101

B72214T2251K101

TDK EPCOS

VARISTOR 390V 6KA 3SIP

0

TVS - Varistors, MOVs

1. Overview

Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS), Varistors, and Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are critical components for protecting electronic circuits from voltage spikes and electrostatic discharge (ESD). These devices clamp excessive voltage to safe levels, preventing damage to sensitive components. TVS diodes are semiconductor-based solutions with fast response times, while Varistors (including MOVs) use nonlinear resistive materials to absorb energy. Their importance spans industries like telecommunications, automotive, and consumer electronics, ensuring reliability in environments exposed to electrical surges.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

TypeFunctional CharacteristicsApplication Examples
TVS DiodesUnidirectional/bidirectional clamping, sub-nanosecond response time, low leakage currentCommunication interfaces (USB, HDMI), microcontrollers, power supplies
Zinc Oxide VaristorsHigh energy absorption, voltage-dependent resistance, aging characteristicsPower line protection, industrial motor drives, surge protection strips
MOVsSpecialized varistors with metal oxide ceramics, optimized for AC/DC applicationsAppliances, LED lighting, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

TVS diodes employ a PN junction semiconductor structure with doping profiles optimized for breakdown characteristics. Varistors consist of polycrystalline ceramic materials (typically zinc oxide grains with additives) sandwiched between metal electrodes, encapsulated in epoxy or molded housings. MOVs use similar materials to varistors but with enhanced grain boundary engineering for improved voltage clamping. All devices incorporate termination coatings (e.g., silver, tin) for PCB mounting compatibility.

4. Key Technical Parameters

ParameterDescriptionImportance
Clamping Voltage (VCLAMP)Voltage level during surge conductionDetermines protection level for downstream components
Response TimeTime to transition from blocking to clamping modeTVS: 0.5-10 ns; MOVs: 10-50 ns
Energy Absorption (WADM)Maximum surge energy handling capabilityMeasured in joules (J), critical for industrial applications
Leakage CurrentOff-state current at rated voltageImpacts power efficiency, typically <100 A

5. Application Fields

Key industries include:

  • Consumer Electronics: Smartphone charging circuits, TV power supplies
  • Industrial Automation: PLCs, motor drives, sensor interfaces
  • Automotive: ECU protection, CAN bus interfaces, battery management systems
  • Renewable Energy: Solar inverters, wind turbine controllers

Case Study: MOVs in smart meters provide 10kA surge protection against grid transients.

6. Leading Manufacturers and Products

ManufacturerRepresentative ProductKey Specifications
LittelfuseSM712-0212A, 13.3V clamping, bidirectional TVS for RS-485
BournsV14450A14mm MOV, 450VAC, 210J energy rating
STMicroelectronicsTV05C0600.5W, 6V, ultra-small TVS for IoT devices

7. Selection Guidelines

Key considerations:

  • Operating voltage vs. clamping voltage margin
  • Surge current requirements (8/20 s waveform standard)
  • Package size constraints (SMD vs. through-hole)
  • Environmental conditions (temperature, humidity)
  • Lifespan expectations (MOVs degrade with repeated surges)

8. Industry Trends

Emerging trends include:

  • Miniaturization: Sub-0201 TVS devices for mobile applications
  • Higher energy density: MOVs with >1000J/cm absorption
  • Integration: Combined ESD and surge protection solutions
  • Automotive focus: AEC-Q qualified devices for 48V systems
  • Green manufacturing: Lead-free and RoHS-compliant materials
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