Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
BZ125A105ZLBDY

BZ125A105ZLBDY

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

SCMR18L604SSBB0

SCMR18L604SSBB0

Elco (AVX)

CAP 600MF -10% +30% 9V T/H

1151260

BZ115A224ZSBAJ

BZ115A224ZSBAJ

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

SCCU30B306MRB

SCCU30B306MRB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 30F 20% 2.7V T/H

0

BZ15FB173PNBEB

BZ15FB173PNBEB

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

SCCW50B127SSBLE

SCCW50B127SSBLE

Elco (AVX)

CAPACITOR 120F -10% +30% 2.7V TH

48

BZ055A683ZSB

BZ055A683ZSB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 68MF -20% +80% 5.5V SMD

351

BZ055B333ZSBCP

BZ055B333ZSBCP

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

SCMR18H105PRBB0

SCMR18H105PRBB0

Elco (AVX)

CAP 1F 0% +100% 6V T/H

730

SCCV60B107SRB

SCCV60B107SRB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 100F -10% +30% 2.7V T/H

49

SCMR14D474PSBB0H

SCMR14D474PSBB0H

Elco (AVX)

CAP 470MF 0% +100% 5.4V T/H

0

BZ05FB682ZNB

BZ05FB682ZNB

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

BZ015A503ZSB

BZ015A503ZSB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 50MF -20% +80% 5.5V SMD

432

SCMR14D474PRBB0

SCMR14D474PRBB0

Elco (AVX)

CAP 470MF 0% +100% 5.4V T/H

3025

BZ12GA124ZLBDA

BZ12GA124ZLBDA

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

SCCR12B105PRB

SCCR12B105PRB

Elco (AVX)

CAPACITOR 1F 0% +100% 2.7V T/H

8230

SCMS22H255PRBB0

SCMS22H255PRBB0

Elco (AVX)

CAP 2.5F 0% +100% 6V T/H

2915

SCCY62V307VSB

SCCY62V307VSB

Elco (AVX)

CAP 300F -5% +25% 2.7V T/H

0

SCCR20B335PRTLE

SCCR20B335PRTLE

Elco (AVX)

SUPERCAP CYLINDRICAL

0

BZ054B473ZNBDE

BZ054B473ZNBDE

Elco (AVX)

BESTCAP

0

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

1. Overview

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), commonly referred to as supercapacitors, are electrochemical energy storage devices that bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. They store energy through electrostatic charge separation at the electrode-electrolyte interface, offering high power density, rapid charge/discharge cycles, and exceptional cycle life (up to 1 million cycles). Their importance in modern technology lies in enabling energy-efficient systems for applications requiring burst power, energy recovery, and backup power solutions.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type Functional Features Application Examples
EDLC (Carbon-based) High power density, long cycle life, low energy density Regenerative braking systems, UPS
Pseudocapacitors Higher energy density via redox reactions, moderate cycle life Portable electronics, grid energy storage
Hybrid Supercapacitors Combines EDLC and battery materials for balanced energy/power density Electric vehicles, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

A typical supercapacitor consists of two activated carbon electrodes separated by a porous membrane, immersed in an electrolyte (aqueous, organic, or ionic liquid). The electrodes are coated on current collectors (usually aluminum foil), and the entire assembly is enclosed in a hermetically sealed metal or polymer casing. Advanced designs incorporate graphene or carbon nanotubes to enhance surface area and conductivity.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter Description & Importance
Capacitance (F) Determines charge storage capacity (range: 1 F to 5000 F)
Rated Voltage (V) Limits operational voltage (2.5 V 3.0 V per cell)
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Affects power delivery efficiency (low ESR enables high pulse currents)
Energy Density (Wh/kg) Typical range: 5 50 Wh/kg
Power Density (kW/kg) Typical range: 1 10 kW/kg
Cycle Life Exceeds 100,000 cycles with minimal degradation

5. Application Fields

  • Consumer Electronics: Smart meters, LED flashlights
  • Automotive: Start-stop systems, kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS)
  • Industrial: Robotics, backup power for PLCs
  • Renewable Energy: Solar/wind energy storage, grid frequency regulation
  • Transportation: Trams, buses, and hybrid vehicles

6. Leading Manufacturers and Representative Products

Manufacturer Product Series Key Specifications
Maxwell Technologies (Tesla) BoostCap BC Series 10 F 3400 F, 2.7 V, ESR < 0.5 m
Panasonic Gold Capacitor Series 5 F 1000 F, 3.0 V, 10-year lifespan
Skeleton Technologies SkelCap Series 1200 F 5000 F, 2.85 V, 40 kW/kg power density
Samsung SDI
Supercapacitor Modules 50 F 2000 F, automotive-grade durability

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations include:

  • Application Requirements: Prioritize power density for pulse applications or energy density for long-duration backup
  • Voltage Matching: Use cell-balancing circuits for multi-cell stacks
  • Operating Environment: Select electrolytes suitable for temperature extremes (e.g., ionic liquids for -40 C to 85 C)
  • Lifetime Cost: Evaluate cycle life versus initial cost (e.g., EDLCs outlast batteries in cycling applications)

 

Industry Trends and Future Outlook

Emerging trends include:

  • Development of graphene-based electrodes to double energy density
  • Integration with IoT devices for smart energy management
  • Growth in automotive applications driven by EV and 48V micro-hybrid systems
  • Adoption of aqueous electrolytes for safer, low-cost energy storage
  • Hybrid supercapacitor-battery systems for renewable energy grids

The global supercapacitor market is projected to grow at 20% CAGR (2023 2030), driven by demand in transportation and renewable energy sectors.

 

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