Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
LP12352R7206 TAIYO YUDEN	SUPERCAPACITOR 20F 2.7V	300
PAS0815LN2R7205 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 2F 20% 2.7V T/H	231
LIC1235RS3R8406 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP LITHIUM ION 40F 20% 3.8V T/H	0
LP12202R7106 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 10F 20% 2.7V T/H	64
LIC2540RS3R8277S2 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP LITHIUM ION 270F 15% 3.8V TH	146
LIC1030RS3R8206 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP LITHIUM ION 20F 15% 3.8V T/H	103
LP10302R7106 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 10F 20% 2.7V T/H	34
PAS1030LN2R7905 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 9F 20% 2.7V T/H	0
PAS1220LN2R7905 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 9F 20% 2.7V T/H	85
LIC1840RS3R8107 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP LITHIUM ION 100F 15% 3.8V TH	114
LP08152R7245 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 2.4F 20% 2.7V T/H	0
LIC1840RH3R8107 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP LITHIUM ION 100F 15% 3.8V TH	84
PAS1030LN2R7705 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 7F 20% 2.7V T/H	101
LP08202R7335 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 3.3F 20% 2.7V T/H	92
PAS1230LN2R7166 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 16F 20% 2.7V T/H	38
LP10202R7505 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 5F 20% 2.7V T/H	80
PAS414HR-VA5R TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 60MF 3.3V SURFACE MNT	0
PAS414HR-VG1 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 60MF 3.3V SURFACE MNT	0
PAS311HR-VA6R TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 30MF 3.3V SURFACE MNT	0
PAS1840LA3R0506 TAIYO YUDEN	CAP 50F 20% 3V T/H	0

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

1. Overview

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), commonly referred to as supercapacitors, are electrochemical energy storage devices that bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. They store energy through electrostatic charge separation at the electrode-electrolyte interface, offering high power density, rapid charge/discharge cycles, and exceptional cycle life (up to 1 million cycles). Their importance in modern technology lies in enabling energy-efficient systems for applications requiring burst power, energy recovery, and backup power solutions.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Features	Application Examples
EDLC (Carbon-based)	High power density, long cycle life, low energy density	Regenerative braking systems, UPS
Pseudocapacitors	Higher energy density via redox reactions, moderate cycle life	Portable electronics, grid energy storage
Hybrid Supercapacitors	Combines EDLC and battery materials for balanced energy/power density	Electric vehicles, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

A typical supercapacitor consists of two activated carbon electrodes separated by a porous membrane, immersed in an electrolyte (aqueous, organic, or ionic liquid). The electrodes are coated on current collectors (usually aluminum foil), and the entire assembly is enclosed in a hermetically sealed metal or polymer casing. Advanced designs incorporate graphene or carbon nanotubes to enhance surface area and conductivity.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description & Importance
Capacitance (F)	Determines charge storage capacity (range: 1 F to 5000 F)
Rated Voltage (V)	Limits operational voltage (2.5 V 3.0 V per cell)
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)	Affects power delivery efficiency (low ESR enables high pulse currents)
Energy Density (Wh/kg)	Typical range: 5 50 Wh/kg
Power Density (kW/kg)	Typical range: 1 10 kW/kg
Cycle Life	Exceeds 100,000 cycles with minimal degradation

5. Application Fields

Consumer Electronics: Smart meters, LED flashlights
Automotive: Start-stop systems, kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS)
Industrial: Robotics, backup power for PLCs
Renewable Energy: Solar/wind energy storage, grid frequency regulation
Transportation: Trams, buses, and hybrid vehicles

6. Leading Manufacturers and Representative Products

Manufacturer	Product Series	Key Specifications
Maxwell Technologies (Tesla)	BoostCap BC Series	10 F 3400 F, 2.7 V, ESR < 0.5 m
Panasonic	Gold Capacitor Series	5 F 1000 F, 3.0 V, 10-year lifespan
Skeleton Technologies	SkelCap Series	1200 F 5000 F, 2.85 V, 40 kW/kg power density
Samsung SDI
Supercapacitor Modules	50 F 2000 F, automotive-grade durability

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations include:

Application Requirements: Prioritize power density for pulse applications or energy density for long-duration backup
Voltage Matching: Use cell-balancing circuits for multi-cell stacks
Operating Environment: Select electrolytes suitable for temperature extremes (e.g., ionic liquids for -40 C to 85 C)
Lifetime Cost: Evaluate cycle life versus initial cost (e.g., EDLCs outlast batteries in cycling applications)

Industry Trends and Future Outlook

Emerging trends include:

Development of graphene-based electrodes to double energy density
Integration with IoT devices for smart energy management
Growth in automotive applications driven by EV and 48V micro-hybrid systems
Adoption of aqueous electrolytes for safer, low-cost energy storage
Hybrid supercapacitor-battery systems for renewable energy grids

The global supercapacitor market is projected to grow at 20% CAGR (2023 2030), driven by demand in transportation and renewable energy sectors.