Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

Image Part Number Description / PDF Quantity Rfq
FGH0H104ZF

FGH0H104ZF

KEMET

CAP 100MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

1891

EDS684Z5R5C

EDS684Z5R5C

Cornell Dubilier Electronics

CAP 680MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

2391000

PBLH-12R0/100WT

PBLH-12R0/100WT

Tecate Group

CAP EDLC 100F 12V UCAP PACK

20

DGH106Q2R7B

DGH106Q2R7B

Cornell Dubilier Electronics

CAPACITOR 10F -10% +30% 2.7V TH

1701900

SCAP,PBLS-3.66/16.2

SCAP,PBLS-3.66/16.2

Tecate Group

CAP 3.66F -10% +20% 16.2V UCAP

0

PBLC-3R8/100MA2

PBLC-3R8/100MA2

Tecate Group

LIC 100F 3.8V W/CONNECTOR

25

EEC-F5R5U474

EEC-F5R5U474

Panasonic

CAP 470MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

9

TPL-100/18X60F

TPL-100/18X60F

Tecate Group

CAP 100F -10% +20% 2.7V T/H

140

TPL-100/22X45F

TPL-100/22X45F

Tecate Group

CAP 100F -10% +20% 2.7V T/H

6113

JUMT1105MPD

JUMT1105MPD

Nichicon

CAP 1F 20% 2.7V T/H

0

MAL222591002E3

MAL222591002E3

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

CAP 35F -20% +50% 2.7V T/H

82

DH-5R5D474T

DH-5R5D474T

Elna America

CAP 470MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

87

XL60-3R0308T-R

XL60-3R0308T-R

PowerStor (Eaton)

CAP 3V 3000F THREAD

12

DVS-3R6D473T-R5

DVS-3R6D473T-R5

Elna America

CAP 47MF 3.6V SURFACE MNT

0

MAL222090001E3

MAL222090001E3

Vishay BC Components/Beyshlag/Draloric

CAP 35F -20% +50% 2.7V T/H

0

KR-5R5H474-R

KR-5R5H474-R

PowerStor (Eaton)

CAP 470MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

5895

HVZ0E506NF

HVZ0E506NF

KEMET

CAP 50F 30% 2.5V T/H

0

FR0H474ZF

FR0H474ZF

KEMET

CAP 470MF -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

1687

SCCR12E105PRB

SCCR12E105PRB

Elco (AVX)

CAPACITOR 1F 0% +100% 3V T/H

6274

FYD0H225ZF

FYD0H225ZF

KEMET

CAP 2.2F -20% +80% 5.5V T/H

100

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), Supercapacitors

1. Overview

Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC), commonly referred to as supercapacitors, are electrochemical energy storage devices that bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. They store energy through electrostatic charge separation at the electrode-electrolyte interface, offering high power density, rapid charge/discharge cycles, and exceptional cycle life (up to 1 million cycles). Their importance in modern technology lies in enabling energy-efficient systems for applications requiring burst power, energy recovery, and backup power solutions.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type Functional Features Application Examples
EDLC (Carbon-based) High power density, long cycle life, low energy density Regenerative braking systems, UPS
Pseudocapacitors Higher energy density via redox reactions, moderate cycle life Portable electronics, grid energy storage
Hybrid Supercapacitors Combines EDLC and battery materials for balanced energy/power density Electric vehicles, renewable energy systems

3. Structure and Composition

A typical supercapacitor consists of two activated carbon electrodes separated by a porous membrane, immersed in an electrolyte (aqueous, organic, or ionic liquid). The electrodes are coated on current collectors (usually aluminum foil), and the entire assembly is enclosed in a hermetically sealed metal or polymer casing. Advanced designs incorporate graphene or carbon nanotubes to enhance surface area and conductivity.

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter Description & Importance
Capacitance (F) Determines charge storage capacity (range: 1 F to 5000 F)
Rated Voltage (V) Limits operational voltage (2.5 V 3.0 V per cell)
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) Affects power delivery efficiency (low ESR enables high pulse currents)
Energy Density (Wh/kg) Typical range: 5 50 Wh/kg
Power Density (kW/kg) Typical range: 1 10 kW/kg
Cycle Life Exceeds 100,000 cycles with minimal degradation

5. Application Fields

  • Consumer Electronics: Smart meters, LED flashlights
  • Automotive: Start-stop systems, kinetic energy recovery systems (KERS)
  • Industrial: Robotics, backup power for PLCs
  • Renewable Energy: Solar/wind energy storage, grid frequency regulation
  • Transportation: Trams, buses, and hybrid vehicles

6. Leading Manufacturers and Representative Products

Manufacturer Product Series Key Specifications
Maxwell Technologies (Tesla) BoostCap BC Series 10 F 3400 F, 2.7 V, ESR < 0.5 m
Panasonic Gold Capacitor Series 5 F 1000 F, 3.0 V, 10-year lifespan
Skeleton Technologies SkelCap Series 1200 F 5000 F, 2.85 V, 40 kW/kg power density
Samsung SDI
Supercapacitor Modules 50 F 2000 F, automotive-grade durability

7. Selection Recommendations

Key considerations include:

  • Application Requirements: Prioritize power density for pulse applications or energy density for long-duration backup
  • Voltage Matching: Use cell-balancing circuits for multi-cell stacks
  • Operating Environment: Select electrolytes suitable for temperature extremes (e.g., ionic liquids for -40 C to 85 C)
  • Lifetime Cost: Evaluate cycle life versus initial cost (e.g., EDLCs outlast batteries in cycling applications)

 

Industry Trends and Future Outlook

Emerging trends include:

  • Development of graphene-based electrodes to double energy density
  • Integration with IoT devices for smart energy management
  • Growth in automotive applications driven by EV and 48V micro-hybrid systems
  • Adoption of aqueous electrolytes for safer, low-cost energy storage
  • Hybrid supercapacitor-battery systems for renewable energy grids

The global supercapacitor market is projected to grow at 20% CAGR (2023 2030), driven by demand in transportation and renewable energy sectors.

 

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