Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Part Number	Description / PDF	Quantity
EEE-FN1K330V Panasonic	CAP ALUM 33UF 80VDC 20% SMD	480
EEE-1EA471UAP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 470UF 20% 25V SMD	0
EEU-EB1V221 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 35V RADIAL	1
EEE-FK1J151AV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 150UF 20% 63V SMD	585
ECA-2EHG010I Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1UF 20% 250V RADIAL	0
EEU-FR1J271B Panasonic	CAP ALUM 270UF 20% 63V RADIAL	461
EEU-FR1C681L Panasonic	CAP ALUM 680UF 20% 16V RADIAL	1958
ECA-1JM221 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 63V RADIAL	0
EEE-TC1V391UP Panasonic	CAP ALUM 390UF 20% 35V SMD	489
EEE-FT1H470AL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 50V 20% SMD	1493
EEU-FK1A472SB Panasonic	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 10V RAD TH	0
EEU-FK1A472S Panasonic	CAP ALUM 4700UF 20% 10V RAD TH	1000
EEE-FK1C332AV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 3300UF 20% 16V SMD	228
EEE-FK0J152GL Panasonic	CAP ALUM 1500UF 6.3V 20% SMD	1000
EEE-FN1C220R Panasonic	CAP ALUM 22UF 16VDC 20% SMD	3985
EEE-TG1H470P Panasonic	CAP ALUM 47UF 20% 50V SMD	419
EEE-FPA221XAV Panasonic	CAP ALUM 220UF 20% 10V SMD	855
ECA-2DM2R2 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 2.2UF 20% 200V RADIAL	0
EEU-FM1E331 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 25V RADIAL	0
ECA-1AHG331 Panasonic	CAP ALUM 330UF 20% 10V RADIAL	1092

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

1. Overview

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized capacitors using an aluminum oxide layer as the dielectric medium. They consist of an aluminum anode, electrolyte solution, and cathode. These capacitors offer high capacitance values (1 F-2.7F) with relatively compact size, making them essential components in power supply filtering, signal decoupling, and energy storage applications. Their evolution has enabled miniaturization in electronics while maintaining performance in harsh environments.

2. Main Types and Functional Classification

Type	Functional Characteristics	Application Examples
Radial Lead Type	Vertical mounting with dual leads	Consumer electronics power supplies
SMD Type	Surface-mount design for PCB integration	Computer motherboards
Stud Mount Type	High-current screw terminal design	Industrial inverters
Bi-polar Type	Able to withstand reverse voltage	Motor drive circuits

3. Structure and Composition

Typical construction includes: - Anode Foil: High-purity aluminum with etched surface (100-600m /m effective area) - Dielectric Layer: 0.1-0.8 m thick aluminum oxide (Al O ) - Electrolyte: Ammonium borate solution in organic solvent - Cathode Foil: 50-100 m aluminum sheet - Separator Paper: 50 m thick kraft paper soaked in electrolyte - Aluminum Case: 0.5-2.0mm thick stamped enclosure

4. Key Technical Specifications

Parameter	Description	Importance
Capacitance (C)	1 F-2.7F (120Hz measurement)	Determines filtering effectiveness
Rated Voltage (UR)	6.3V-630V DC working range	Failure risk above limit
ESR	5m -1.5 at 100kHz	Affects switching performance
Ripple Current	100mA-5A RMS	Lifetime predictor
Leakage Current	0.01C UR A maximum	Power efficiency factor
Operating Temp	-55 C to +150 C range	Reliability indicator

5. Application Fields

Power Electronics: Switching power supplies, UPS systems
Consumer Devices: TVs, gaming consoles, LED lighting
Industrial: Variable frequency drives, welding machines
Automotive: On-board chargers, ADAS systems
Renewables: Solar inverters, wind turbine converters

6. Leading Manufacturers

Manufacturer	Headquarters	Representative Product
Nichicon	Japan	UPW Series (105 C, 2000h)
Rubycon	Japan	ZL Series (Low ESR 4m )
United Chemi-Con	USA	KXJ Series (630V rating)
Samxon	Taiwan	EEU-FR Series (Conductive polymer hybrid)

7. Selection Guidelines

Consider these factors: - Required capacitance tolerance ( 20% standard) - Voltage derating (select 1.25 operating voltage) - Temperature range (automotive requires -40 C to +150 C) - Vibration resistance (screw-terminal better than SMD) - Lifetime calculation: Lx = L0 (T0/ T) (UR/UX) - RoHS compliance for environmental regulations

Industry Trends

Current developments include: - Conductive polymer hybrid capacitors (30% ESR reduction) - Nanoscale dielectric engineering (<0.1 m oxide layers) - AI-driven lifetime prediction models - Bio-compatible electrolyte formulations - 4D printing of anode structures - Integration with PCB substrates

Application Case

In a 3kW server power supply, 4x 450V/470 F capacitors in parallel provide 2220 F total capacitance with 14Arms ripple current handling. The design uses Nichicon U3 series devices with 6.5mm lead spacing, operating at 120 C with 95% voltage derating, achieving 8000-hour MTBF.